Browsing by Author "Bird, Lori"
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- C-E (curtailment - Energy share) map: An objective and quantitative measure to evaluate wind and solar curtailmentPublication . Yasuda, Yoh; Bird, Lori; Carlini, Enrico Maria; Eriksen, Peter Børre; Estanqueiro, Ana; Flynn, Damian; Fraile, Daniel; Lázaro, Emilio Gómez; Martín-Martínez, Sergio; Hayashi, Daisuke; Holttinen, Hannele; Lew, Debra; McCann, John; Menemenlis, Nickie; Miranda, Raul; Orths, Antje; Smith, J. Charles; Taibi, Emanuele; Vrana, Til KristianABSTRACT: s the share of VRE (variable renewable energy) has grown rapidly, curtailment issues have arisen worldwide. This paper evaluates and compares curtailment situations in selected countries using an objective and quantitative evaluation tool named the "C-E map " (curtailment-energy share map). The C-E map is a correlation map between curtailment ratios that mean curtailed wind (or solar) energy per available energy and energy shares of wind (or solar). The C-E map can draw a historical trend curve in a given country/area, as an at-a-glance tool to enable historical and/or international comparison. The C-E map also can classify the given countries/areas into several categories, according to the current levels of curtailment ratio and historical trends. The C-E map helps institutional and objective understanding of curtailment for non-experts including policy makers.
- Wind and solar curtailmentPublication . Lew, Debra; Bird, Lori; Milligan, Michael; Speer, Bethany; Wang, Xi; Carlini, Enrico Maria; Estanqueiro, Ana; Flynn, Damian; Gomez-Lázaro, E.; Holttinen, Hannele; Menemenlis, Nickie; Orths, Antje; Smith, J. Charles; Soder, Lennart; Sorensen, Poul; Altiparmakis, Argyrios; Yoh, YasudaHigh penetrations of wind and solar generation on power systems are resulting in increasing curtailment. Wind and solar integration studies predict increased curtailment as penetration levels grow. This paper examines experiences with curtailment on bulk power systems internationally. It discusses how much curtailment is occurring, how it is occurring, why it is occurring, and what is being done to reduce curtailment. This summary is produced as part of the International Energy Agency Wind Task 25 on Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power.