Browsing by Author "Llorente, J."
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- Contribuição de sondagens mecânicas e diagrafias para o estudo dos sistemas aquíferos multicamada transfronteiriços da bacia do Kalahari, Cunene, AngolaPublication . Ramalho, Elsa; Francés, Alain Pascal; Martín-Banda, Raquel; Mateus, T.; Llorente, J.; Famorosa, A.; Cuervo, I.; Lobón, Jose Luis Garcia; Victorino, Américo da MataSUMMARY: Within the scope of the PLANAGEO project, the assessment of the KOS and KOH transboundary multilayered aquifer systems, located in the province of Cunene, southern Angola, without significant hydrogeological research in the last 50 years, was conducted. The drilling location of 5 deep boreholes was selected after the processing and interpretation of legacy and recently acquired geophysical data within the scope of the project. The study of these boreholes comprises follow-up analysis of geophysical logging, aquifer parameters estimation, hydrochemical data of major and minor elements, isotopic analysis, and drilling cuttings analysis. They will become part of the near future monitoring network of the deep aquifer.
- Contribuição do método geofísico eletromagnético no domínio de tempo para o estudo dos sistemas aquíferos multicamada transfronteiriços da bacia do Kalahari, Cunene, AngolaPublication . Francés, Alain Pascal; Ramalho, Elsa; Santos, Fernando Monteiro; Llorente, J.; Mateus, T.; Cuervo, I.; Lobón, Jose Luis Garcia; Dala, V.; Ditutala, M.; Victorino, Américo da MataSUMMARY: Under the scope of project PLANAGEO, a geophysical survey using the time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) method was planned and conducted. This survey aimed to contribute to the hydrogeological conceptual model of the KOS and KOH aquifer systems, to validate the 1960 data electrical resistivity reprocessing and to define the future location of deep boreholes. The TDEM survey allowed identifying different layers with different geoelectric characteristics and assigning electrical resistivity characteristics to each hydrogeological feature of the aquifer systems. These assumptions were found adequate, and the results were used to define the drilling locations of 5 wells.
- Contribution of the time domain electromagnetic method to the study of the Kalahari transboundary multilayered aquifer systems in Southern AngolaPublication . Francés, Alain Pascal; Ramalho, Elsa; Santos, Fernando Monteiro; Llorente, J.; Mateus, T.; Martín-Banda, Raquel; Cuervo, I.; Lobón, Jose Luis Garcia; Dala, V.; Ditutala, M.; Famorosa, A.; Victorino, Américo da MataABSTRACT: The Cunene Province (Southern Angola) is facing recurrent and pluriannual droughts. Surface water supply could be reinforced using the groundwater resources of the multilayered aquifer systems (MAS) hosted in the siliciclastic sediments of the Kalahari Group. The MAS were first identified in the early 2000s in Northern Namibia and recently in the Cunene Province, by studies of the PLANAGEO project based on modern processing and reinterpretation of legacy data from the 1960s and 1970s (electrical resistivity data and deep boreholes). This article presents the results of a time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) survey conducted in the Cunene Province to: (i) contribute to the design of the hydrogeological conceptual model of the transboundary MAS, namely their geometry and extension; (ii) validate the reprocessing of the legacy data; and (iii) guide the future location of boreholes. Results depict the geometry of the sedimentary basin and the characterization of the MAS, with particular emphasis on the intermediate and deep aquifers. The borehole siting, based on the interpretation of the new TDEM data and the legacy data (clay markers in borehole logs), was successful, with a good agreement between estimated and observed horizons of the deep aquifers. However, the presence of clayey layers, a clay-rich matrix in the detrital deposits and saline/brackish groundwater led to uncertainties in the interpretation of the electrical transects. As such, recommendations are made to improve future data collection and mapping of the MAS.
- Depth estimation of pre-Kalahari basement in Southern Angola using seismic noise measurements and drill-hole dataPublication . Carvalho, João; Alves, Daniela; Borges, José Fernando; Caldeira, Bento; Cordeiro, Domingos; Machadinho, Ana; Oliveira, Álvaro; Ramalho, Elsa; Rodrigues, José Feliciano; Llorente, J.; Ditutala, M.; Lobón, Jose Luis Garcia; Máximo, J.; Carvalho, Cristina Isabel Paulo; Labaredas, José; Ibarra, P.; Manuel, JoséABSTRACT: The remote Southern region of Angola is covered by siliciclastic Kalahari Cenozoic formations that host underground aquifers of great importance to local populations affected by water scarcity problems. These aquifers are well developed where Kalahari sands reach appropriate thicknesses. On the other hand, at the eastern end of this area, regional aeromagnetic data recently acquired suggested the possibility of the continuity of the geological structures of the Lufilian Arc, sited in the nearby Zambia and Congo, southwestwards into Angola under the Kalahari formations. Once the Lufilian Arc is associated with the presence of the so-called Central African Copperbelt, this possibility increased the interest in determining the depth to Pan-African rocks under the Kalahari basin. To estimate the thickness of Kalahari formations in this area of difficult access and poor logistics, an expedited and non-invasive geophysical method was needed. Seismic noise and the single-station Nakamura technique were chosen, but due to the large distance of the study area from the ocean, one of the major sources of seismic noise, a test survey was acquired in the Cuvelai region to assess the signal quality, where the data was calibrated using available drill-holes. >170 points of seismic ambient noise were later acquired and the horizontal/vertical (HVSR) amplitude versus frequency curves were 1D inverted for the best velocity/density model for each station. The results were compared with 1D inverted legacy vertical electrical soundings reprocessed and validated in this work, showing similar depth-to-basement, while interpreted velocities/densities of geological formations were sampled and confirmed with measurements. A depth-to-basement map was produced using seismic information, mechanical soundings, and geological information. Despite the relatively reduced geographical area covered, the map presents valuable information for hydrogeology and mineral exploration purposes and agrees with a previously available coarser map of Kalahari thickness and with observations from geological surveys simultaneously conducted at the time of the seismic surveys.
- New insights on the ultramafic intrusions surrounding the Kunene Anorthosite Complex (SW Angola) from gravity, magnetic and radiometric data [Abstract]Publication . Represas, Patricia; Sousa, Pedro; Morais, Igor; Cordeiro, Domingos; Carvalho, João; Batista, Maria Joao; Dito, Manuel; Llorente, J.; Marques, Fábio; Mateus, T.; Rodrigues, José Feliciano; Lobón, Jose Luis Garcia; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa SoaresABSTRACT: The Kunene Anorthosite Complex (KAC), located in SW Angola, is one of the largest anorthosite structures in the world. Dating from the Mesoproterozoic, its installation process is still not clear. Several mafic and ultramafic outcrops can be found surrounding the KAC. Once considered related with its emplacement, the study of these bodies may help us understand the history of this unique geological feature. While geochronological data show that they are synchronous, or possibly a bit younger, than the embedding granites and migmatites of Paleoproterozoic age, the question arises of whether they are intrusions installed in the host rock or if they are instead recycled remains of older Arch crust. The development of these outcrops in depth provides relevant clues regarding the origin of these bodies and their relationship with the Eburnean (~1.93-2.04 Ga) and Epupa-Namibe (~1.83-1.74 Ga) events. One of these mafic outcrops, designated the Hamutenha outcrop (Huíla Province) exhibits an elongated shape and a NW-SE orientation and is characterized by an internal zonation. Generally, the innermost part is composed of ultramafic rocks of (mostly harzburgites and dunites), with diorites outcropping in its NW and SE borders. The Hamutenha outcrop was previously identified for potentially bearing Cr, Ni and PGE mineralization.