Browsing by Author "Luque-Espinar, J. A."
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- Analysis of the geological control on the spatial distribution of potentially toxic concentrations of As and F- in groundwater on a Pan-European scalePublication . Giménez-Forcada, Elena; Luque-Espinar, J. A.; López-Bahut, T.; Grima-Olmedo, Juan; Jiménez-Sánchez, Jorge; Ontiveros-Beltranena, Carlos; Elster, Daniel; Skopljak, Ferid; Voutchkova, Denitza; Hansen, B.; Hinsby, Klaus; Schullehner, Jörg; Malcuit, Eline; Gourcy, Laurence; Szőcs, Teodóra; Gál, Nóra; Porbjörnsson, Daði; Tedd, Katie; Borozdins, Dāvis; Rosenqvist, Lars; Debattista, Henry; Felter, Agnieszka; Cabalska, Jolanta; Mikołajczyk, Anna; Pereira, Ana Paula Teixeira; Sampaio, José; Perşa, Diana; Pantic, Tanja Petrović; Rman, Nina; Arnó, Georgina; Herms, Ignasi; Rosenqvist, LarsABSTRACT: The distribution of the high concentrations of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) in groundwater on a Pan-European scale could be explained by the geological European context (lithology and structural faults). To test this hypothesis, seventeen countries and eighteen geological survey organizations (GSOs) have participated in the dataset. The methodology has used the HydroGeoToxicity (HGT) and the Baseline Concentration (BLC) index. The results prove that most of the waters considered in this study are in good conditions for drinking water consumption, in terms of As and/or F- content. A low proportion of the analysed samples present HGT≥ 1 levels (4% and 7% for As and F-, respectively). The spatial distribution of the highest As and/or F- concentrations (via BLC values) has been analysed using GIS tools. The highest values are identified associated with fissured hard rock outcrops (crystalline rocks) or Cenozoic sedimentary zones, where basement fractures seems to have an obvious control on the distribution of maximum concentrations of these elements in groundwaters.
- Assessment of chloride natural background levels by applying statistical approaches. Analyses of European coastal aquifers in different environmentsPublication . Pulido-Velazquez, D.; Baena-Ruiz, L.; Fernandes, Judite; Arnó, Georgina; Hinsby, Klaus; Voutchkova, D. D.; Hansen, B.; Retike, I.; Bikse, J.; Collados-Lara, A. J.; Camps, V.; Morel, I.; Grima-Olmedo, J.; Luque-Espinar, J. A.ABSTRACT: Estimated natural background levels (NBLs) are needed to assess groundwater chemical status according to the EU Groundwater Directive. They are commonly derived for different substances by applying statistical methodologies. Due to the complexity of the sea water intrusion process, some of those methods do not always provide appropriate assessment of chloride NBLs. This paper analyzes the applicability of different NBL estimation methods in five EU coastal aquifers with significant differences in available datasets and hydrogeological set-tings. A sensitivity analysis of results to different constraints was performed to remove samples with anthro-pogenic impacts. A novel statistical approach combining different methods to identify the range of chloride NBLs is proposed. In all pilots the estimated NBLs were below 85 mg/L and fitted well with previous studies and expert judgment, except Campina del Faro aquifer (the maximum being 167.5 mg/L). Although this approach is more time consuming, it provides a more robust solution.