Browsing by Author "Oliveira, M."
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- Assessing and modelling hard rock aquifer recharge based on complementary methodologies : a case study in the Gabbros of Beja Aquifer System, South PortugalPublication . Paralta, Eduardo; Oliveira, M.The "Gabbros of Beja" Aquifer System extends for approximately 350 km2 and is one of the most important reservoirs of groundwater in the context of hard rocks aquifers of South Portugal (Alentejo Region). The average annual rainfall in the area is about 500 to 600 mm. Groundwater resources are used for public supply over 3 councils and irrigation. During drought cycles consumption increases and pumping rates decrease with correspondent management difficulties and conflicts between private and public interests. The correct assessment of annual recharge is of utmost importance for regional planning and management of groundwater resources under semiarid climate conditions. Moreover the aquifer was recently declared vulnerable to nitrate diffuse pollution of agriculture origin and recharge mechanisms are the major natural factor controlling contamination of shallow waters in the "Gabbros of Beja" aquifer. Recharge assessment and modelling was performed on the base of several complementary methodologies: 1) water balance based on historical data of annual pumping rates; 2) chloride mass balance between groundwater and rainfall compositions; 3) daily sequential water balance modelling of hydrological parameters using Balseq model, and 4) soil and vadose zone daily water balance modelling using lumped model Earth and piezometric water level curves for calibration. Results of direct and indirect methods show that annual average recharge should be between 10% and 20% or even more of annual rainfall.
- Characterization of smart MARFOS NiTi shape memory alloysPublication . Neves, Filipe; Fernandes, F. M. Braz; Martins, J.; Correia, J.B.; Oliveira, M.; Gaffet, E.; Wang, T. Y.; Lattemann, M.; Suffner, J.; Hahn, H.In the present study, structural characterization of NiTi smart shape memory al-loys (SMAs), produced by an alternative powder metallurgy approach named mechanically ac-tivated reactive forging (MARFOS), was carried out by means of transmission electron micros-copy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that MARFOS materials had a multiphase nanocrystalline structure. In addition, the transformation behaviour associated with the shape memory effect of the MARFOS aged mate-rials was studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Multiple-step martensitic trans-formations could be observed in aged materials.
- Lousal, Portugal : património geológico e mineiro de uma antiga mina na Faixa Piritosa IbéricaPublication . Oliveira, M.; Ferreira, T.; Relvas, Jorge M.R.S.; Pinto, A. M. M.; Pereira, Zélia; Matos, João Xavier; Fernandes, Carlos
- Nonconventional production technologies for NiTi shape memory alloysPublication . Neves, Filipe; Fernandes, F. M. Braz; Martins, Isabel M.; Correia, J.B.; Oliveira, M.; Gaffet, E.; Wang, T. Y.; Lattemann, M.; Suffner, J.; Hahn, H.The development of new production technologies for NiTi Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) is always challenging. Recently, we introduced two powder metallurgical (PM) processing routes involving mechanical activation of elemental powder mixtures and densification through extrusion or forging. Those processes were named Mechanically Activated Reactive Extrusion Synthesis (MARES) and Mechanically Activated Reactive FOrging Synthesis (MARFOS). Heat treatments were performed in order to adjust the B2-NiTi matrix composition, yielding a microstructure consisting of a homogeneous dispersion of Ni4Ti3 precipitates embedded in nanocrystalline B2-NiTi matrix. In the present study, we demonstrate the viability of those PM processes for producing NiTi SMAs. With insitu X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry it is shown that B2-NiTi matrix undergo a B2« R«B19 two-step phase transformation