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Browsing ER - Policy Briefs by Subject "Competitiveness"
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- Competitiveness of Portuguese LithiumPublication . Simoes, Sofia; Amorim, FilipaABSTRACT: Lithium (Li) is a strategic alkali metal given the expectations of a very significant increase in its demand for the production of Li-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EV), including in Europe (EU), where Germany, France and the United Kingdom announced they will abandon the production of internal combustion engines vehicles by 2040. In 2020, Li was included in the EU's list of critical raw materials. There is an emerging world market for lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH), with enormous uncertainty on price evolution, its functioning, main players and the lead time between new investments and effective Li supply. One of the main constraints on the Li world market is the degree of technological development within the Li value chain (extraction, mineral and metallurgical processing, and global demand).