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- Solar XXI building PV systems: performance during the first two yeras of operationPublication . Rodrigues, Carlos; Viana, Susana; Joyce, A; Goncalves, Helder; Silva, António Rocha eThe purpose of this paper is to present the results obtained in the first two years of operation of the grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in the named “Solar XXI” building. One PV system, made with multicrystalline silicon modules, has a peak power of 12 kW and was installed on the façade; another system made with amorphous silicon modules has a peak power of 6 kW and was installed in the surrounding park area near the building. From 1st February 2006 until 31 July 2008, the measured daily average, of the building electrical energy consumption, was about 75 kWh and the two PV systems produced in average about 72 % of this energy. The averaged measured Performance Ratio of the systems was about 0.84 for the PV Façade and about 0.76 for the PV in the Park.
- Autonomous hydrogen systems: control strategyPublication . Martins, João F.; Viana, Susana; Joyce, A; Pires, Armando; Rangel, C. M.; Sotomayor, João; Castro, RuiThis paper describes the control strategy for a Stand-Alone Energy System Supported by Totally Renewable Hydrogen Production. The basic control strategy considers the pressurized hydrogen gas storage as the energy buffer. The basic logic is that the exceeding renewable energy (solar and wind) is used to accumulate hydrogen, while the fuel cell uses this hydrogen to produce electrical energy within insufficient solar/wind energy. The system is completely autonomous, conceived for off-grid operation. It is composed by solar panels and a wind turbine as primary energy converters, hydrogen tanks as energy buffer and a fuel-cell and an electrolyzer as secondary energy converters.