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Industrial Off-Gas Fermentation for Acetic Acid Production: A Carbon Footprint Assessment in the Context of Energy Transition

2025-07Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg07:Energias Renováveis e Acessíveis
datacite.subject.sdg13:Ação Climática
dc.contributor.authorPacheco, Marta
dc.contributor.authorBrac de la Perrière, Adrien
dc.contributor.authorMoura, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorsilva, carla
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-04T14:42:03Z
dc.date.available2025-08-04T14:42:03Z
dc.date.issued2025-07
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: Most industrial processes depend on heat, electricity, demineralized water, and chemical inputs, which themselves are produced through energy- and resource-intensive industrial activities. In this work, acetic acid (AA) production from syngas (CO, CO2, and H2) fermentation is explored and compared against a thermochemical fossil benchmark and other thermochemical/biological processes across four main Key Performance Indicators (KPI)—electricity use, heat use, water consumption, and carbon footprint (CF)—for the years 2023 and 2050 in Portugal and France. CF was evaluated through transparent and public inventories for all the processes involved in chemical production and utilities. Spreadsheet-traceable matrices for hotspot identification were also developed. The fossil benchmark, with all the necessary cascade processes, was 0.64 kg CO2-eq/kg AA, 1.53 kWh/kg AA, 22.02 MJ/kg AA, and 1.62 L water/kg AA for the Portuguese 2023 energy mix, with a reduction of 162% of the CO2-eq in the 2050 energy transition context. The results demonstrated that industrial practices would benefit greatly from the transition from fossil to renewable energy and from more sustainable chemical sources. For carbon-intensive sectors like steel or cement, the acetogenic syngas fermentation appears as a scalable bridge technology, converting the flue gas waste stream into marketable products and accelerating the transition towards a circular economy.eng
dc.identifier.citationPacheco, M., Brac de la Perrière, A., Moura, P. & Silva, C. (2025). Industrial Off-Gas Fermentation for Acetic Acid Production: A Carbon Footprint Assessment in the Context of Energy Transition. In: C - Journal of Carbon Research, 2025, vol. 11 (3), article 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/c11030054
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/c11030054
dc.identifier.issn2311-5629
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/6012
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationInstituto Dom Luiz
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/11/3/54
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectBiomethane
dc.subjectSyngas fermentation
dc.subjectMethanol carbonylation
dc.subjectNatural gas
dc.subjectLife cycle assessment
dc.subjectCircular economy
dc.titleIndustrial Off-Gas Fermentation for Acetic Acid Production: A Carbon Footprint Assessment in the Context of Energy Transitioneng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleInstituto Dom Luiz
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F50019%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.titleC — Journal of Carbon Research
oaire.citation.volume11
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNamePacheco
person.familyNameMoura
person.familyNamesilva
person.givenNameMarta
person.givenNamePatrícia
person.givenNamecarla
person.identifier.ciencia-id6D1B-1BBB-8ACF
person.identifier.ciencia-idBA17-3D3E-5478
person.identifier.ciencia-idE611-8996-D1BA
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4039-9127
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9333-3231
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1439-9214
person.identifier.ridA-8330-2015
person.identifier.ridA-4724-2012
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55355899800
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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relation.isAuthorOfPublicationade0fd09-2683-48ab-ab09-2c6b182d4b24
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