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Comparative Analysis of Pyrolysis and Anaerobic Digestion as End-of-Life Options for Used Cork Stoppers

2026-10Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
datacite.subject.sdg07:Energias Renováveis e Acessíveis
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg13:Ação Climática
dc.contributor.authorMoura, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorJesus, João
dc.contributor.authorEusebio, Ana
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Paula
dc.contributor.authorMarques, Susana
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Ana Cristina
dc.contributor.authorAbreu, Mariana
dc.contributor.authorFrança, Bruna Thomazinho
dc.contributor.authorMaganinho, Cristiana
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-23T15:38:22Z
dc.date.available2026-10-23T15:38:22Z
dc.date.issued2026-10
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: The cork industry generates valuable by-products and residues with significant potential within a circular bioeconomy framework. This study evaluated the energy-driven valorization of two post-consumer cork residues—natural cork stoppers (NCS) and technical cork stoppers (TCS)—through anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. Both NCS and TCS exhibited low moisture and ash content, a high heating value of 25.14 and 29.88 MJ/kg, respectively, a carbon content exceeding 58 wt% and low nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine concentrations. These characteristics highlight the suitability of NCS and TCS for energy recovery applications. Anaerobic digestion produced biogas containing 68.5 vol% of methane after alkaline pretreatment of TCS. However, the maximum biochemical methane potential was low, reaching only 19.5 L CH4/kg VS. The resulting digestates contained nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at levels compatible with agricultural use. Slow pyrolysis of the cork residues resulted in high biochar yields, with NCS achieving an average yield of 64.8 wt%. Combined with carbon contents of up to 66.3 wt%, the biochars produced from NCS and TCS show strong potential for valorization as solid energy carriers, as well as for applications such as activated carbon production and soil amendment. Overall, thermochemical conversion via pyrolysis proved to be the most effective pathway for energy valorization of the tested cork residues, whereas the performance of anaerobic digestion remained limited unless more intensive pretreatment strategies were applied.eng
dc.identifier.citationMoura, P., Jesus, J., Eusébio, A., Costa, P., Marques, S., Oliveira, A. C., Abreu, M., França, B., & Maganinho, C. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Pyrolysis and Anaerobic Digestion as End-of-Life Options for Used Cork Stoppers. In: Biomass, 2026, vol. 6 (5), article 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass6050086
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/biomass6050086
dc.identifier.issn2673-8783
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/6519
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationBiomass and Bioenergy Research Infrastructure
dc.relationCO2RK
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2673-8783/6/5/86
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectCork residues
dc.subjectAnaerobic digestion
dc.subjectThermochemical conversion
dc.subjectBiochemical conversion
dc.subjectWaste valorization
dc.subjectMethane
dc.subjectCircular bioeconomy
dc.titleComparative Analysis of Pyrolysis and Anaerobic Digestion as End-of-Life Options for Used Cork Stopperseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberPINFRA/22059/2016
oaire.awardTitleBiomass and Bioenergy Research Infrastructure
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/9444 - RNIIIE/PINFRA%2F22059%2F2016/PT
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.titleBiomass
oaire.citation.volume6
oaire.fundingStream9444 - RNIIIE
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameMoura
person.familyNameJesus
person.familyNameEusebio
person.familyNameCosta
person.familyNameMarques
person.familyNameOliveira
person.familyNameAbreu
person.familyNameFrança
person.familyNameMaganinho
person.givenNamePatrícia
person.givenNameJoão
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNamePaula
person.givenNameSusana
person.givenNameAna Cristina
person.givenNameMariana
person.givenNameBruna Thomazinho
person.givenNameCristiana
person.identifier.ciencia-idBA17-3D3E-5478
person.identifier.ciencia-idE816-AAD1-8A9D
person.identifier.ciencia-id2A1B-0AB6-B0FB
person.identifier.ciencia-id4711-F6D2-06FC
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9333-3231
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5486-1223
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4663-8395
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2024-4267
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9153-4080
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5641-8965
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7906-3025
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4931-9672
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5236-0479
person.identifier.ridA-8330-2015
person.identifier.ridD-5594-2012
person.identifier.ridP-6395-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6602511161
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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