Browsing by Author "Alves, Tiago"
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- Climate Policies in Decarbonization Strategies: A computational approachPublication . Fontes, Margarida; Alves, Tiago; Bento, NunoABSTRACT: The transition to a low-carbon society should accelerate to avoid an increase in the temperatures above 1.5º to 2ºC, and this is unlikely to occur without policy intervention (IPCC, 2022). Given the complexity of the problem to be addressed, recent debates have increasingly pointed to the need of adopting a broader view on policy intervention (Weber and Rohracher, 2012; Hekkert et al., 2020). This entails a move beyond a single focus on economic competitiveness and growth, towards a focus on societal problems or “grand challenges”, leading to the emergence of the concept of transformative innovation policy (Schot and Steinmueller 2018; Dierks et al, 2019). This new rationale implies the consideration of a much broader range of policy objectives, targets and instruments, as well as the notion that a mix of policies needs to be deployed to achieve the desired goals (Rogge and Reichardt 2016). While this policy rationale has started to enter innovation policy agendas, it remains to be seen to what extent it is reflected in the actual policies being implemented (Casula, 2022; Peñasco et al., 2021). On the other hand, it is also unclear whether the directions set by those policies align with the visions and strategies for decarbonization and whether there are still uncovered areas.
- Critical transitions: Unpacking decarbonization strategies in Portuguese industry and regional disparitiesPublication . Vale, Mário; Alves, Tiago; Duarte de Castro Fontes, Maria Margarida; Mamede, Ricardo; Bento, NunoABSTRACT: In the wake of the Paris Agreement, the urgency for decarbonization has intensified globally, prompting varied responses from different regions and sectors. This study critically examines the uneven decarbonization trajectories of Portuguese firms within the framework of the Portugal 2020 (PT2020) program, informed by transition theory and regional innovation systems. Employing a multi-method approach that combines natural language processing and a systematic literature review, we identify and categorize the decarbonization strategies of 278 out of 2,793 firms funded by PT2020 between 2020 and 2023. Our findings reveal a modest (less than 10 % of all projects) but pivotal engagement in decarbonization, predominantly focused on the Porto metropolitan area and adjacent regions, indicating a pattern of uneven geographical transitions. Larger, established firms predominantly undertake these initiatives, reflecting a skew in policy effectiveness towards more stable entities. The most common pathways—demand and co-benefits (49 %) and decarbonization of electricity (34 %)—suggest a preference for immediately actionable strategies (electrification of uses and technological breakthroughs). This study underscores the disparity in decarbonization efforts across firms, but also regions, correlating higher industrial productivity and urbanization with increased activity. Such trends reveal the influence of existing economic structures and regional capacities on the adoption of green technologies, which exacerbate regional inequalities in the face of global decarbonization mandates. This study improves the understanding on the potential of decarbonization to increase or decrease inequalities among companies and regions. It provides crucial lessons for policies aiming to accelerate decarbonization to achieve the 2030 goals. Further research is required to explore the impact of regional specialization on decarbonization strategies and to develop more inclusive and equitable policies.
- Robust relation between public procurement for innovation and economic developmentPublication . Bento, Nuno; Sousa, Cristina; Trindade, Paula; Mamede, Ricardo Paes; Fontes, Margarida; Alves, TiagoABSTRACT: We found a solid and robust relationship between the share of public procurement for innovation (PPI) in public procurement and GDP per capita for 30 European countries. The share of PPI is highly associated with determinants from ‘‘demand pull’’ as well as ‘‘supply push’’. These findings open new opportunities for the study of the drivers of public procurement for innovation. The study also provides a new methodology for benchmarking.
- Typology of pathways for decarbonization [Resumo]Publication . Bento, Nuno; Alves, Tiago; Ribeiro, Ricardo; Fontes, MargaridaABSTRACT: Addressing the urgent climate change requires a clear knowledge of the options available, as well as an understanding of the possible strategies to reduce carbon emissions. Identifying realistic pathways for decarbonization is crucial to inform agents’ decisions about the relevant measures (Turnheim & Nykvist, 2018), with unawareness of these pathways often delaying climate action (Bergek et al, 2023). This paper seeks to identify, categorize, and analyze decarbonization pathways from the scientific literature, uncovering cross-cutting dimensions, interconnections, and regional trends for enhanced decision-making and accelerated change.