Percorrer por autor "Heldal, Tom"
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- Atlas of European ornamental stone resourcesPublication . Heldal, Tom; Carvalho, Jorge; Dedić, Željko; Laskarides, KostasABSTRACT: Ornamental stone is today a raw material produced with great skills all over Europe, SME's and larger enterprises exploiting the vast diversity of European ornamental stone resources. Today's European stone industry is not only large and important but also highly dispersed throughout Europe, making a backbone industry for particularly rural areas. In Italy alone, there are more than 1000 stone quarrying enterprises and the sector in total employed more than 50 000 in 2011. Ornamental stone has contributed significantly in shaping our rural and urban landscapes, through its use in our built heritage from different historical periods. Yet, the actual use of local and regional stone resources in Europe is under threat due to sterilization of resources by urbanisation, infrastructure development and other land uses. Consequently, important resources are “unknowingly” lost for future production, and so are vital geological knowledge and skills for producing them. Loss of such resources will not only make it more difficult to maintain and restore our architectural heritage, but also prevent the use of traditional materials in the future.
- GeoERA Raw Materials Monograph : the past and the futurePublication . Wittenberg, Antje; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Flindt Jørgensen, Lisbeth; González, Javier; Heldal, Tom; Aasly, Kari Aslaksen; Deady, Eimear; Kumelj, Špela; Horvath, Zoltan; McGrath, Eoin; Ferreira, Maria João; Calabaça, Teresa; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; Sadeghi, Martiya; Bertrand, Guillaume; Gloaguen, Eric; Decree, Sophie; Gautneb, Håvard; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Sievers, Henrike; Quental, Lídia; Pereira, Aurete; Medialdea, Teresa; Schiellerup, Henrik; Zananiri, Irene; Ferreira, Pedro Tavares; Somoza, Luis; Monteys, Xavier; Alcorn, Trevor; Marino, Egidio; Lobato, Ana Belén; Kuhn, Thomas; Nyberg, Johan; Malyuk, Boris; Magalhães, Vítor Hugo; Lunar, Rosario; Hein, J. R.; Cherkashov, Georgy; Brown, Teresa; Cassard, Daniel; Urvois, Marc; Pedersen, Mikael; Schjøth, Frands; Tulstrup, Jørgen; Eilu, Pasi; Hokka, Janne; Simoni, Mark; Carvalho, Jorge; Laskaridis, Kostas; Dedić, Željko; Habimana, Cyprien; Liinamaa-Dehls, AnneABSTRACT: GeoERA Minerals projects have produced data aimed at supporting Europe’s minerals sector and to assist the European Commission to realise its goals for raw materials. Data has been compiled on mineral occurrences and mineral provinces across Europe, in particular, areas with potential to host Critical Raw Materials. Anecdotal evidence from the minerals sector provides an indication of the likelihood of exploration leading to mine development. For every 1,000 mineral showings examined, only 100 may receive further exploration work and of those 100, only 10 may warrant more detailed sampling either through trenching, drilling or other means and of those 10 only 1 may proceed to an evaluation through a full feasibility study which itself has only 50% chance of being positive. Following this, any project for which a mine proposal is made must undergo a full evaluation and permitting by authorities including full public consultation. The proposal may or may not pass this scrutiny. In terms of a schedule, the generally accepted minimum time frame from discovery to production is 10 years and usually much more, up to 20 years.
- GeoERA raw materials to support Europe’s resilience on raw materialsPublication . Wittenberg, Antje; De Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Flindt Jørgensen, Lisbeth; González, Javier; Heldal, TomEurope’s vision to be a climate neutral economy by 2050 has ushered in the energy transition. Carbon-neutral energy supply is based on raw materials from which energy-critical elements for rechargeable batteries like cobalt, graphite, lithium and rare earth elements can be purified. In addition to direct energy generation, other future-oriented, environmentally friendly key technologies needed for digitisation and mobility can only be engineered by using raw materials (European Commission 2019).