ER - Comunicações em actas de encontros científicos internacionais
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- Value analysis: an approach to sustainabilityPublication . Henriques, José João M. Silva; Catarino, Justina; Alexandre, Jorge; Maia, Anabela; Rodrigues, Fátima; Camocho, DavidSince the birth of Value Analysis (VA), during last century, by L. D. Miles all Value Management (VM) tools aim at increasing the Value of a VA subject, this being defined as the relationship between the satisfaction of needs and the resources used in achieving this satisfaction [1]. VA, which led to VM, was seen, formerly, as a cost reduction tool, even if using a functional approach. Today this is no longer possible and any VM study must take into account the different stakeholders needs and expectations. Technical and economical aspects can no longer be separated from environmental and social ones which means that the three components of Sustainability must be considered. The authors, coming from different backgrounds and experiences, have been developing, testing and implementing a methodology – Sustainable Value – profiting from the synergies between VA and other methodologies and concepts connected with Sustainability, mainly Cleaner Production and Eco-efficiency ones. The main difference towards any ordinary VA application is that through all the VA work plan special attention is paid to the three Sustainability vectors: economical, social and environmental - in the gathering of data, in the characterisation of functions during functional analysis, during creativity and in the evaluation of ideas. This approach has already been tested and implemented in about 20 companies from different areas: metal mechanics, plastic transformation, detergents, automotive components, quarrying and stone processing, etc. The proposal is to present this approach as well as some results and difficulties in its implementation.
- Measuring material flows in industrial processes:a key step towards sustainable productionPublication . Partidário, Paulo Jorge; Figueiredo, José Manuel
- Enquadramento necessário à prevenção da nanopoluiçãoPublication . Partidário, Paulo Jorge; Vieira, Teresa
- Water and wastewater monitoring of Guia Submarine Outfall: an 11 year surveyPublication . Santos, Cristina; Catarino, Justina; Figueiredo, Zélia; Calisto, Sandra C.; Marques, Eugénia; Cunha, Pedro; Antunes, MargaridaSANEST is a public sanitation company that manages a wastewater treatment plant located at Guia, on the west coast of Lisbon, Portugal. This company collects and treats the sewage of four municipalities with an estimated 750 000 population equivalent, thus being one of the biggest sanitation companies in Portugal. A Decision of the Commission 2001/720/CE conceded SANEST derogation, exempting it to apply less than secondary treatment to wastewaters discharged into the Atlantic Ocean from the four agglomerations. This decision was supported on a large monitoring program, presented to the EU, and set up by SANEST. It surveys the impact of the effluent disposal and includes measurements of physical, chemical, biological and microbiological properties in the effluent and in the receiving waters. This paper presents methods and results for the effluent chemical and microbiological quality as well as for the receiving waters and an ichthyofauna survey, and resumes an eleven year situation, with the preliminary wastewater treatment before effluent disposal. The WWTP results correspond to medium load urban effluents without treatment with temporal variability related to flood fluctuations. In the receiving waters almost legal values are respected and the plume of the outfall is only identifiable by faecal bacteria in the vicinity of the discharge. The fish community, in particular benthic species, has revealed a slight degradation probably due to the fact that pollutants tend preferentially to accumulate on sediment. The treatment plant is being upgraded to fulfil, by May 2009, an advanced primary treatment level that includes disinfection during the bathing season to fully observe the European Commission Decision 2001/720/EC.
- Innovation and ecodesign in ceramic industry: an overview of knowledge needs in Portugal, Spain and GreecPublication . Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Celades, Irina; Ros Dosdá, Teresa; Camocho, David; Bajouco, Sofia; Arroz, Maria Helena; Barroso, Manuela; Brarens, Isabel; Grais, Paula Gris; Almeida, Marisa; Francisco, Victor; Frade, José; Carradas, Fernando; Zugasti, Ibon; Eguskizaga, Xabier; Aravossis, Konstantinos; Somakos, Leonidas
- The integration of social criteria in sustainable design for furniturePublication . Vicente, José; Frazão, Rui; Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Silva, Fernando Moreira daSustainable design is a complex area that integrates a wide range of environmental, social and economic criteria. This paper is part of a research (www.designsustentavel.org) that intends to develop a toolkit and information for wood furniture designers to use in their work process and that should push this product range closer to the sustainable production and consumption system. In the course of this research it has been understood that the available information on social criteria is more general and difficult to implement by designers. Not only it appeared to be distant from the designer’s area of influence, but also too scarce and general when compared with environmental criteria already in use on ecodesign tools. The profusion of environmental criteria versus the lack of proper social criteria creates an imbalance on the available decision supporting criteria for the product development team. To tackle this problem the research team analysed the social issues proposed by ISO 26000 and conducted an expert workshop to establish relevant social criteria for this industrial sector that were within reach of the designer action. This paper presents (1) the process of selection, analysis, reflection and discussion of relevant subjects, (2) the effort to involve the stakeholders and (3) the main findings of this process considering the specific characteristics of the wood furniture sector in Portugal.
- Envolvimento de "stakeholders" em direcção à construção sustentávelPublication . Duarte, Ana Paula; Partidário, Paulo JorgeA mudança de paradigma requerida para evoluir na direcção da construção sustentável exige a conjugação efectiva de diferentes condições determinantes, que inclui a percepção, comportamento e envolvimento de partes em todo o processo, em particular os actores que efectam, bem como aqueles que são afectados pela tomada de decisão. Para além das formas convencionais de envolvimento dos stokholders, novas formas de cooperação precisam de ser exploradas. O presente artigo tem por obectivo reflectir sobre a melhor estratégia de gestão a aplicar nos actores-chave num contexto de networking sobre construção sustentável em Portugal. A análise efectuada permitiu verificar que o sucesso de uma plataforma de cooperação está condicionada pela participação dos actores-chave, pelo que há necessidade de fazer o mapeamento, a hierarquização e a definição de uma estratégia de gestão que maximize asua cooperação, isto é, que vá ao encontro das necessidades de cada um deles, para que a plataforma de cooperação se torne um efectivo espaço de partilha, diálogo, aprendizagem e inovação.
- Development of new vocational training modules on sustainable buildings maintenance and refurbishmentPublication . Herrando, M.; Cambra, D.; Duarte, Ana Paula; Frazão, Rui; Zabalza, I.This article presents the methodology and main results obtained in Spain within the FORMAR project, a European-funded project under the Leonardo Da Vinci scheme (Lifelong Learning Programme), whose main goal is to jointly develop training resources and modules to improve the skills on sustainability issues of buildings maintenance and refurbishment workers, in three different European countries: Spain, Portugal (Project Coordinator) and France. The Units of Short-term Training (UST) developed within this project are focused on the VET of carpenters, painters, bricklayers, building technicians and installers of solar panels, and a transversal unit containing basic concepts on sustainable construction and nearly Zero Energy Buildings (n-ZEB) is also developed. In parallel, clients’ guides for the aforementioned professionals are also implemented to improve the information provided to clients and owners in order to support the procurement decisions regarding building products and materials. Therefore, the project provides an opportunity to exchange experiences between organizations of these three European countries, as the UST will be developed simultaneously in each of them, exploring opportunities for training, guidance and exchange of experience. Even though the UST will have a common structure and contents, they will be slightly different in each country to adapt them to the different specific training needs and regulations of Spain, Portugal and France. This paper details, as a case study, the development process of the UST for carpenters and building technicians in Spain, including the analysis of needs and existing training materials, the main contents developed and the evaluation and testing process of the UST, which involves the active participation of several stakeholders of this sector as well as a classroom testing to obtain the students’ feedback.
- Towards a trainer profile on green skills for Portugal : BuS.Trainers projectPublication . Duarte, Ana Paula; Loureiro, David; Gonçalves, Ana Maria; Reis, E.; Ramalheiro, M.; Santos, J.; Oliete, B.; Gonzalez, J.ABSTRACT: Green skills in the construction industry will fill in a very important role for the adaptation strategy to climate change and in development of more energy-efficient economies and employment growth to make EU states more climate-resilient. To get the most out of greening the economy vocational education research must develop the skills, knowledge and competence that resource-efficient processes and technologies need and integrate them into policy and the practices of business and the community. In order to respond the transition challenge to green economy BuS.Trainers project was drawn financed by ERASMUS+ program included in the Sector Skills Alliances for Design and Delivery of VET (Vocational Education and Training), because there was a central need along southern countries of Europe: lack of qualified VET trainers for teaching green skills in the construction industry. The project aims to identify and filling gaps of Green Skills for the trainers, who are providing training on EE (Efficiency Energy) and RES (Renewable Energy Sources) in construction industry through development and offer a training system for vocational trainers to perform better teaching in applied sustainable construction. In this article the strategy and results of the project in terms of construction trainer profile on green skills for Portugal are presented. It includes the results of an online survey and semi-structured interviews filled by VET trainers and other specialists for identification and definition of existing Green Skills Gaps. The project is coordinated by Fundación Laboral de la Construcción (FLC – Spain) and five European countries are involved: Spain, Greece, Italy, Malta and Portugal. This European project has duration of 3 years and started in December 2016.
- Circular and sustainable products : from theory into practicePublication . Camocho, David; Vicente, José; Ferreira, Ana MargaridaABSTRACT: Circular economy is seen as an innovative path with the potential to achieve a more sustainable society. In this context, and, facing high pressure and motivation from governments, many research projects and initiatives are being developed all over the world. However, we still have a long road ahead in translating the theory and research outputs into practice. For example, in the recently launched report “The circularity Gap report” published by Circular economy in January 2019, our society is only 9% circular and the trend is still negative, the circularity gap is not closing and the upward trend in resource extraction and greenhouse gas emissions has continued in the past 12 months (Circle economy, 2019). In the circular approach to product and service development, which entails fundamental changes in production and consumption systems, where it is necessary to go beyond resource efficiency and recycling (European Environment Agency, 2017), it’s clear the importance of design as an integrating agent in the process. Design professionals, through a redesigned approach to the design practice, applying efficient tools and comprehensive life cycle methods, have the challenge and the potential to transform products, services, and business models. The work presented in the current paper is part of a research project (Camocho, Ferreira, & Vicente, 2018) which aims to support the transition to circular and sustainable economy through design where the authors will explore the current practice, methods, tools and communication elements applied in the development and placement in the market of products claiming to be sustainable and/or circular. The pilot study presented in the paper aims to demonstrate and validate the procedure for the analysis of the process that underlays a representative sample of Portuguese products. The research aims to identify which are the real needs, drivers and barriers faced by designers and product developers in the circular design and development process. The results of the work will underpin a holistic approach, sparking critical thinking and supporting a more efficient design practice for a circular production and consumption.