Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-11"
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- Correction: Correia et al. Sustainability Assessment of 2G Bioethanol Production from Residual Lignocellulosic Biomass. Processes 2024, 12, 987Publication . Correia, Bárbara; Matos, Henrique A.; Lopes, Tiago; Marques, Susana; Gírio, FranciscoError in Table: In the original publication [1], there was a mistake in Table 8 as published. The presented cost of purchased equipment and Total CAPEX cost shall not differ between the two scenarios. The purchased equipment cost and Total CAPEX cost should be, for both scenarios, 21.35 and 75.66M€, respectively. The corrected Table 8 appears below. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
- Idade e ambientes deposicionais da sucessão do Karoo Inferior da Bacia Carbonífera de Moatize em Moçambique: compreenções sobre a história pós-glacial do Gondwana centralPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Hancox, J.; Mendes, Márcia; Pereira, Zélia; Lopes, Gilda; Marques, João; Jorge, Raul CG Santos; Albardeiro, Luís
- Carbon footprint assessment of microalgal biomass production, hydrothermal liquefaction and refining to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in mainland PortugalPublication . Pires, Renata; Silva, Tiago; Ribeiro, Cláudia; Costa, Luis; Matos, Cristina T.; Costa, Paula; Lopes, Tiago; Gírio, Francisco; Silva, CarlaABSTRACT: Industrial liquid effluents (e.g., from fertilizer industry) and flue gas streams (e.g., CO2-rich, from cement industry) arise as an opportunity for waste valorization. Microalgae are suitable biomass for assimilating both effluents at the cultivation stage. Under a biorefinery concept, given the urge for energy transition in the aviation sector, this research explores the transformation of a microalgae consortium grown at an industrial site in Portugal and its subsequent harvesting, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), and bio-oil refining. A life cycle assessment (LCA) approach is undertaken with two functional units (FU): 1 kg of microalgae dry-cell weight (dw) and 1 MJ of bio-jet fuel. The latter follows an attributional approach with energy allocation for comparison with the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) guidelines. HTL is based on data from bench-scale experiments and literature, whereby the Petroleum Refinery Life Cycle Inventory Model (PRELIM) is used to mimic bio-oil refining. Following this approach, achieving Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) compliance requires net-zero electricity (0 gCO2eq/kWh), with an HTL bio-oil yield of 55.6 % dw (the maximum observed), a minimum refining bio-jet fuel yield of at least 16 %. Alternatively, an HTL bio-oil yield of 36.9 % dw (the median observed) with a refining efficiency of at least 24.3 %.
- Contact metamorphism and dolomitization overprint on Cambrian carbonates from the Ossa‑Morena Zone (SW Iberian Massif): implications to Sr‑chronology of carbonate rocksPublication . Roseiro, José; Moreira, Noel; Andrade, Laura; Nogueira, Pedro; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Eguiluz, Luis; Mirao, Jose; Moita, Patrícia; Santos, José Francisco; Ribeiro, Sara; Pedro, J.ABSTRACT: he Cambrian Series 2 Carbonate Formation from the Alter do Chão Elvas-Cumbres Mayores unit (Ossa-Morena Zone, SW Iberian Massif) is composed of regionally metamorphosed marbles and marlstones that underwent chlorite zone metamorphism and preserve the primaeval limestone 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7083–0.7088). These are consistent with the established Lower Cambrian seawater curve, and therefore used for age constraints in formations lacking fossil contents. The regional mineralogical and Sr-isotopic features of the carbonate rocks are frequently overprinted by the effects of contact metamorphism induced by magmatic bodies emplaced during rift-related and synorogenic events of the Palaeozoic, as well as by post-metamorphic dolomitization processes. The development of calc-silicate minerals due to contact metamorphism is common in the rocks of the Carbonate Formation and apparently results from the interaction of the protolith with fluids of different origin: (i) internally produced fluids released by conductive heating (observed in external contact aureoles) and (ii) external intrusion-expelled fluids that, besides leading to the appearance of distinctive assemblages, also promote an influx of strontium content (observed in roof pendants). Calc-silicate mineralogy varies substantially throughout the region, likely due to the heterogeneous distribution of silicate minerals of the protolith, progression of intrusion-driven fluids, and the irregular effect of thermal gradients. Results suggest that high-grade contact metamorphism (hornblende facies or higher) and dolomitization processes imposed on the Carbonate Formation significantly influence the isotopic signatures of the carbonates, providing limitations in applying Sr-isotopic chronology.
- A importância do modelo de dados da Carta Geológica Digital de Portugal na harmonização das unidades geológicas: identificação de problemas da cartografia geológica [Resumo]Publication . Carvalho, Diogo; Pereira, Aurete; Francés, Alain Pascal; Patinha, Pedro; Quental, Lídia; Solá, A. Rita; Dias, Ruben PereiraRESUMO: O Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG) está a desenvolver um projeto de cartografia digital, com base no Modelo de Dados da Carta Geológica de Portugal (MDCGP) (Feliciano et al., 2020). Estes modelos de organização dos dados são amplamente utilizados por vários serviços geológicos (Maxeiner et al.,2024) como modo de permitir uma melhor compatibilização da Cartografia Geológica (CG) com os requisitos atuais do mundo digital. A implementação das relações de hierarquização, mantendo o rigor da caraterização geológica das unidades, é frequentemente acompanhada de um processo de redefinição de nomenclatura ambígua, revisão dos limites entre cartas contíguas e harmonização das compilações que se pretendem integrar. A partir da vasta e heterogénea informação, em formato e datas, no repositório do LNEG foi compilada, numa geodatabase, a cartografia mais recente. Para cada unidade geológica cartografada é atribuído um código único segundo os níveis definidos no MDCGP, que permite a caracterização das unidades com a restante informação pertinente como por exemplo a litologia, a idade, o ciclo tectónico, etc. (Pereira et al., 2023). A partir da compilação e harmonização dos códigos obteve-se uma legenda geológica comum, contribuindo para uma CG contínua sempre que possível. Durante a elaboração dos mapas foram identificadas incongruências cartográficas de cariz alfanumérico (e.g. redundância de nomenclatura, unidades repetidas) que podem ser resolvidas via pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica; e de cariz espacial (e.g. polígonos adjacentes pertencentes à mesma/diferente unidade, limites mal definidos) dos quais se apresentam alguns exemplos de harmonização dos problemas encontrados. Em casos mais complexos, poderá implicar reconhecimento de campo. A infraestrutura obtida possibilita também a comparação visual de diferentes modelos geodinâmicos e tectonoestratigráficos adotados por diferentes autores. Destaca-se neste trabalho a otimização do processo de produção de cartas, independentemente da escala, pois a sistematização das unidades permite manter a coerência do conhecimento geológico entre folhas e por consequência um apoio contínuo na elaboração dos modelos e previsão de quais as unidades a serem incluídas num novo mapa. Constitui assim uma importante ferramenta na identificação de problemas geológicos, sendo crucial no apoio da resolução dos mesmos, facilitando um planeamento mais efetivo e eficaz da CG para determinada região.
- How far can circular economy practices contribute to a carbon-neutral Europe? The case of flat glass production in the construction sector [Resumo]Publication . Barbosa, Juliana; Simoes, Sofia; Aloini, Davide; Zerbino, Pierluigi; Mabroum, Safaa; Montalbano, Giammarco; Lima, Ana TeresaABSTRACT: The construction sector heavily relies on non-renewable resources for energy and materials. Addressing this, Circular Economy (CE) is frequently suggested as a means to foster sustainable growth while reducing global emissions. Yet, the actual impact of CE in the long term is still uncertain due to limited empirical evidence and various factors that may hinder its widespread adoption. Indeed, the transition to CE might necessitate a substantial transformation in production capabilities, supply chain modifications, the phasing out of existing capital, and investment in new technologies and facilities.
- Footprint analysis of circular economy practices in the steel industry [Resumo]Publication . Sameer, Husam; Knoblauch, Lukas; Dürr, Hans H.; Flörke, Martina; Ambaye, Teklit G.; Lima, Ana Teresa; Mao, Ruichang; Lu, Zheng; Kunther, Wolfgang; Slabik, Simon; Hafner, Annette; Aloini, Davide; Zerbino, Pierluigi; Mabroum, Safaa; Ram, V.; Barbosa, Juliana; Simoes, Sofia; Genovese, AndreaABSTRACT: Steel is one of the dominant materials in the building industry, however, substantial environmental impacts occur in its supply chain. We evaluate the environmental performance of different steel production scenarios at the macro level, taking into account circular economy practices. Using the dynamic life cycle assessment methodology, different scenarios are assessed for the time horizon 2015 to 2070. The environmental footprints are quantified in terms of primary energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, material, land and water footprints. Forecasts regarding the availability of end-of-life steel and future demand in European and global contexts are considered.
- A importância do modelo digital na harmonização das unidades geológicas publicadas nos mapas de Portugal: identificação de problemas da cartografia geológica [Comunicação oral]Publication . Carvalho, Diogo; Pereira, Aurete; Francés, Alain Pascal; Patinha, Pedro; Quental, Lídia; Solá, A. Rita; Dias, Ruben Pereira
- Valorization and Bioremediation of Digestate from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.) and Cattle Wastewater Using MicroalgaePublication . Henrique, Guilherme; Renato, Natalia; Borges, Alisson; Martins, Marcio Arêdes; Reis, Alberto; Otenio, Marcelo HenriqueABSTRACT: Anaerobic digestion followed by microalgal cultivation is considered a promising renewable alternative for the production of biomethane with reduced effluent generation, thus lowering the environmental impact. In this arrangement, in addition to generating energy, the microalgae act by potentiating the refinement of the effluents generated via anaerobic digestion (digestates). In this study, the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus was cultivated in photobioreactors with the final digestate resulting from the co-digestion of Arundo donax L. plant biomass and cattle wastewater. The biotechnological route used was efficient, and the biogas production ranged from 50.20 to 94.69 mL gVS-1. The first-order kinetic model with variable dependence (FOMT) provided the best fit for the biogas production data. In the microalgal post-treatment, the removal values ranged from 81.5 to 93.8% for the chemical oxygen demand, 92.0 to 95.3% for NH4+-N, and 41.7 to 83.3% for PO43- after 26 days. The macromolecular composition of the algal biomass reached lipid contents ranging from 33.4 to 42.7%. Thus, the proposed process mediated by microalgae can be considered promising for the bioremediation and recovery of effluents produced by agriculture through the use of microalgal biomass for bioproduct production.
- Geocronologia U-Pb dos zircões detríticos das regiões de Moatiz e N'Condedzi, Bacia Karoo do Zambeze de Moçambique: implicações para a proveniência, dispersão de sedimentos e evolução da baciaPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Jorge, Raul CG Santos; Albardeiro, Luís; Chew, David; Drakou, Foteini; Pereira, Zélia; Marques, João