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- Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Geological MaterialsPublication . Silva, Teresa; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Veiga, João PedroABSTRACT: The following Special Issue compiles original research on the mineralogical, geochemical, and microstructural characterisation of natural and anthropogenic materials. Topics span the weathering and long-term durability of sedimentary rocks, copper mineralisation processes, and archaeometric provenance studies to advanced analytical methods for mortar characterisation, heavy mineral analysis, and polymetallic ore exploration. Contributions highlight innovations in neutron imaging, SEM-based fast elemental mapping, quantitative XRD, and adsorption studies on clay minerals. Emphasis is placed on the scientific understanding of mineral transformations, the sustainable use of geological resources, heritage conservation, and the recycling potential of mining waste. By combining traditional petrography with emerging machine learning and supervised classification approaches, the papers demonstrate how mineralogical research is becoming increasingly interdisciplinary, supporting geology, archaeology, environmental sciences, and resource management. This reprint provides a valuable reference for researchers across Earth and material sciences.
- Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Geological Materials, 2nd EditionPublication . Silva, Teresa; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Veiga, João PedroABSTRACT: This Special Issue reinforces the strategic role of mineralogical and geochemical characterization in tackling key scientific challenges associated with mineral resources, providing essential insights into ore genesis, mineral processing, environmental performance, and the sustainable supply of raw materials. The topics demonstrate how advanced analytical techniques and multidisciplinary approaches are improving knowledge of geological materials and Earth processes while supporting sustainable resource management, environmental protection, and cultural heritage conservation. Studies on lithium-bearing pegmatites, mining waste, and abandoned mine sites showcase the manner in which detailed mineralogical and geochemical research is able to uncover new resource opportunities, promote circular economy practices, and support responsible resource recovery. Contributions also explore applications in geoheritage and heritage conservation, including the use of geopolymers as sustainable restoration materials and the assessment of natural stones for monument preservation. Furthermore, environmental studies address soil geochemistry, environmental monitoring, and occupational health through innovative mineral and particle characterization methods. Several papers showcase cutting-edge analytical tools, including Raman spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, LA-ICP-MS, and ToF-SIMS, highlighting advances in analytical accuracy, efficiency, and data interpretation. This reprint provides an important reference resource for researchers working across Earth and materials sciences.