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- Litoteca do LNEG Aljustrel, um espólio científico fundamental para a investigação da Faixa Piritosa Ibérica e da Zona de Ossa-MorenaPublication . Matos, João Xavier; Morais, Igor; Santos, Sara; Gonçalves, Pedro; Batista, Maria Joao; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Dias, Ruben PereiraSUMMARY: Since 2018 the LNEG’s Aljustrel drill core shed is dedicated to the southern Portugal collections distributed by Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) and Ossa-Morena Zone (OMZ). The archive includes exploration drill hole cores, soil, stream sediments and rock samples, technical reports, and a complete and detail map collection (1/5.000 and 1/25.000 scales), all organized in databases. Drill hole relog allow a better understanding of the subsurface being essential in stratigraphy, structural mapping, mineral exploration and metallogeny. Following the regional Smart Specialization Strategy defined by CCDR Alentejo to Geological Resources, the LNEG Aljustrel develops R&D programs dedicated to thematic mapping and mineral resources. Critical Raw Materials mineralizations are present at the archives like IPB VMS Cu-Zn-Pb(Au-Ag-Sn-Sb) and Fe-Mn deposits and OMZ sulphide-magnetite (Zn-Pb,Cu(Au)), magnetite and Cu(Au) veins. The preservation of the subsurface geological heritage is critical to the IPB and OMZ research and an institutional LNEG mission.
- Critical raw materials deposits map of mainland Portugal: new mineral intelligence in cartographic formPublication . de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Filipe, Augusto; Gonçalves, Pedro; Santos, Sara; Albardeiro, LuísABSTRACT: Reliable and unhindered access to raw materials is a growing concern within the EU and across the globe and the demand for Critical Raw Materials (CRM) plays a crucial economic role in most developed countries around the world. These are of extreme importance for supply chains regarding new technologies, sustainability issues and carbon footprint reduction. The definition of a continuously updated list of CRM by the European Commission led to the first CRM Map of Europe in 2016. Following this, several countries have been surveying, preparing, and evaluating their mineral occurrences to create a resources/deposits database and, therefore, to create a CRM map of their own. With this purpose in mind, we present and explain the first Critical Raw Materials Deposits Map of mainland Portugal, at 1:700,000 scale. This paper describes the scientific, technical, and graphical methodologies involved in its design.
- Programa de cartografia transfronteiriça do LNEG-IGME na Zona Sul Portuguesa nas escalas 1/200 000 e 1/400 000. Um contributo para a estratigrafia do SW IbéricoPublication . Matos, João Xavier; Díez-Montes, Alejandro; Dias, Ruben Pereira; Pereira, Zélia; Machado, Susana; Solá, A. Rita; Carmona, J.J. Huerta; Ressurreição, Ricardo; Albardeiro, Luís; Mendes, Márcia; Morais, Igor; González-Clavijo, Emilio J.; Gonçalves, Pedro; Santos, Sara; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Salgueiro, Rute; Henriques, S.B.A.; Oliveira, José Tomás; Fernandes, Paulo; Inverno, Carlos; Lopez, M. T.SUMMARY: The South Portuguese Zone (SPZ) 1/200 000 and 1/400 000 scale maps and stratigraphic program in SW Iberia is presented by a LNEG-IGME consortium and funded by GEO_FPI/Interreg-POCTEP. The 1/200 000 mapped area corresponds to the border area and is based on previous work (Folha 8 and Sevilla-Puebla de Guzmán maps). The 1/400 000 map covered a larger area, from Lisbon to Seville. The following domains of SPZ were considered: Pulo do Lobo (early Frasnian-late Famennian), Iberian Pyrite Belt (late Famennian-late Visean) and Baixo Alentejo Flysch Group (late Visean-late Moscovian). The maps include the Mesozoic Algarve basin and the Cenozoic Guadalquivir/Algarve basins. Field surveys were done using standard stratigraphic and GIS database methodologies. Palynological studies of Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks and U/Pb zircon geochronology of plutonic and volcanic rocks were essential to refine and update the Paleozoic stratigraphy. The new data allowed new knowledge and the validation of the geological models.
- Geodiversidade no troço médio do rio Guadiana, argumentos para um futuro Geoparque no território de Mértola, Serpa, Moura e BarrancosPublication . Matos, João Xavier; Dias, Ruben Pereira; Pereira, Zélia; Ressurreição, Ricardo; Soares, S.; Mendes, Márcia; Albardeiro, Luís; Gonçalves, Pedro; Santos, Sara; Piçarra, José ManuelSUMMARY: The region of Mértola, Serpa, Moura and Barrancos, located in the middle section of the Guadiana River presents a distribution of geosites of great scientific value, constituting the argument to a future Geopark. The studied territory includes the Ossa-Morena (OMZ) and South Portuguese (SPZ) geological sequences, the tectonic boundary between these two variscan domains, the geomorphology conditioned by Alpine tectonics, the Guadiana, Ardila and Chança rivers incision and differential erosion of quartzites, dolomites and marbles. Significant geological heritage is also present in the SPZ Iberian Pyrite Belt VMS and OMZ copper deposits. The Guadiana territory presents a typical landscape and exceptional geosites in a natural habitat (e.g. Pulo do Lobo waterfalls). In total, 50 geosites were considered in 6 regions: Barrancos-Ardila, Ficalho, Serpa-Pias-Moura, Alcaria, Guadiana and São Domingos. The future project of Geopark will be planned by the four municipalities considering geoconservation plans and regional sustainable policy.
- Unlocking the Secondary Critical Raw Material Potential of Historical Mine Sites, Lousal Mine, Southern PortugalPublication . de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Gonçalves, Pedro; Morais, Igor; Silva, Teresa; Matos, João Xavier; Albardeiro, Luís; Filipe, Augusto; Batista, Maria Joao; Santos, Sara; Fernandes, JoãoABSTRACT: A steady supply of mineral raw materials is vital for the transition to a low-carbon, circular economy. The number of active mines in Europe has severely declined over the last century and half, giving rise to many abandoned mining waste sites and corresponding geological heritage. Also, the rise in minerals demand for large-scale deployment of renewable energy requires the continued and steady availability of key minerals. The supply risk associated with unpredicted geopolitical events needs to be eliminated/mitigated. Historical mine waste sites are the answer but evaluating mine waste is a lengthy and costly exercise. The study, undertaken in the Lousal Mine, used small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs) to model and determine mine waste volumes by generating orthomosaic maps with quick, inexpensive, and reliable results. Calculated mine waste volumes between 308,478 m3 and 322,455 m3 were obtained. XRD and p-XRF techniques determined the mineralogy and chemistry of waste, which varied from mineralization and host rocks with hydrothermal alteration and numerous neogenic sulphates (mostly gypsum, rhomboclase, ferricopiapite, coquimbite, and jarosite) related with supergene processes and weathering. The study shows the viability of using these sUASs to successfully model historical mine waste sites in an initial phase and for future monitoring programs.
- Inventariação do património geológico e mineiro de Aljustrel : Proposta para o aproveitamento geoturístico da regiãoPublication . Morais, Igor; Santos, Sara; Matos, João Xavier; Albardeiro, Luís; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Aguiar, M.; Guerreiro, M.SUMMARY: The Aljustrel mining district, in the SW Iberian Pyrite Belt, hosts the oldest mining activity known to date in the Iberian Peninsula. The unique geological record of the region with a good exposure of the host rocks and ores and the vast mining heritage makes this territory an outdoor laboratory for natural sciences learning, in particular for the ore generating processes. Inaugurated in 2018, the National Laboratory of Energy and Geology in Aljustrel has been developing, in collaboration with the Aljustrel Municipality, a set of activities for geological and mining heritage assessment.