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The materials of historical monuments: characterisation of the mortars of the Roman aqueduct of Zaghouan-Carthage

2025-12Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia dos Materiais
datacite.subject.fosHumanidades::História e Arqueologia
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Fernanda
dc.contributor.authorLima, Maria Margarida Rolim Augusto
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorVeiga, João Pedro
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-22T12:34:06Z
dc.date.available2025-12-22T12:34:06Z
dc.date.issued2025-12
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: The Zaghouan-Carthage Roman aqueduct was the largest built by the Roman Empire at the time, and its archaeological remains bear witness to the excellence of Roman construction. Its importance over the centuries makes it a unique case study for characterising the different types of mortar used. This work aims to study these materials, considering their functions, especially as structural elements or as render, to relate the chemical and mineralogical characteristics observed to both the function and historical context of the monument. Using a multi-analytical approach, the preservation of samples was prioritised whenever possible. The results indicate that mortars with a structural function have higher silicon contents than those used as render. In the case of water conduit coatings, the mortars were formulated with ground ceramics to develop hydraulic properties and ensure the waterproofing material. However, it was not possible to identify a characteristic pattern related to the historical construction periods.eng
dc.identifier.citationCarvalho, F., Lima, M.M.R.A., Silva, T.P., & Veiga, J.P. (2025). The materials of historical monuments: characterisation of the mortars of the Roman aqueduct of Zaghouan-Carthage. In: npj Heritage Science, 2025, vol. 13 (1), article 640. https://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-025-02144-5
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s40494-025-02144-5
dc.identifier.eissn3059-3220
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/6185
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relationGlass and Ceramic for the Arts
dc.relationInstitute for Health and Bioeconomy
dc.relationNovo: Argamassas em Monumentos Históricos contribuições para a preservação do Património Cultural Edificado. Inicial: Cimentos e Argamassas em Monumentos Históricos: contribuições para a preservação do Património Cultural Edificado
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s40494-025-02144-5#citeas
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectHistorical mortars
dc.subjectCultural heritage
dc.subjectMaterials
dc.subjectCharacterization
dc.subjectRoman aqueduct
dc.subjectZaghouan-Carthage
dc.titleThe materials of historical monuments: characterisation of the mortars of the Roman aqueduct of Zaghouan-Carthageeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleGlass and Ceramic for the Arts
oaire.awardTitleInstitute for Health and Bioeconomy
oaire.awardTitleNovo: Argamassas em Monumentos Históricos contribuições para a preservação do Património Cultural Edificado. Inicial: Cimentos e Argamassas em Monumentos Históricos: contribuições para a preservação do Património Cultural Edificado
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00729%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/5651
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBD%2F145308%2F2019/PT
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.titlenpj Heritage Science
oaire.citation.volume13
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameCarvalho
person.familyNameLima
person.familyNameSilva
person.familyNameVeiga
person.givenNameFernanda
person.givenNameMaria Margarida Rolim Augusto
person.givenNameTeresa
person.givenNameJoão Pedro
person.identifier.ciencia-id2818-A4AD-3157
person.identifier.ciencia-id5F11-2AC8-1212
person.identifier.ciencia-idB916-C501-8AA3
person.identifier.ciencia-idD81C-9EE7-8B61
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3627-5060
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2113-2267
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0306-1015
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5324-1586
person.identifier.ridJ-3704-2013
person.identifier.ridL-9359-2013
person.identifier.ridJ-3681-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id23051270400
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7005146574
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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