Browsing by Author "Strbac, Goran"
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- Characterization of new flexible players: Deliverable D3.2Publication . Chrysanthopoulos, Nikolaos; Papadaskalopoulos, Dimitrios; Strbac, Goran; Schimeczek, Christoph; Kochems, Johannes; Vries, Laurens de; Sanchez, Ingrid; Algarvio, Hugo; Couto, António; Pinto, Tiago; Hernandez-Serna, Ricardo; Johanndeiter, Silke; Estanqueiro, AnaABSTRACT: The subject matter of this report is the analysis of the electricity markets’ actors’ scene, through the identification of actor classes and the characterisation of actors from a behavioural and an operational perspective. The technoeconomic characterization of market participants aims to support the upcoming model enhancements by aligning the agent-based model improvements with the modern market design challenges and the contemporary characteristics of players. This work has been conducted in the context of task T3.2, which focuses on the factorization of the distinctive operational and behavioural characteristics of players in market structures. Traditional parties have been considered together with new and emerging roles, while special focus has been given on new actors related to flexible technologies and demand-side response. Among the main objectives have been the characterization of individual behaviours, objectives and requirements of different electricity market players, considering both the traditional entities and the new distributed ones, and the detailed representation of the new actors.
- Comparative Analysis of Market Designs : Deliverable D5.5Publication . Couto, António; Qiu, Dawei; Sperber, Evelyn; Lezama, Fernando; Strbac, Goran; Syse, Helleik; Algarvio, Hugo; Kochems, Johannes; Wang, Ni; Chrysanthopoulos, Nikolaos; Gregorio, Noelia Martin; Faia, Ricardo; Silke, Johanndeiter
- Decarbonization of electricity systems in Europe: market design challengesPublication . Strbac, Goran; Papadaskalopoulos, Dimitrios; Chrysanthopoulos, Nikolaos; Estanqueiro, Ana; Algarvio, Hugo; Lopes, Fernando; Vries, Laurens de; Morales-España, Germán; Sijm, Jos; Hernandez-Serna, Ricardo; Kiviluoma, Juha; Helistö, NiinaABSTRACT: Driven by climate change concerns, Europe has taken significant initiatives toward the decarbonization of its energy system. The European Commission (EC) has set targets for 2030 to achieve at least 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions with respect to the 1990 baseline level and cover at least 32% of the total energy consumption in the European Union (EU) through renewable energy sources, predominantly wind and solar generation. However, these technologies are inherently characterized by high variability, limited predictability and controllability, and lack of inertia, significantly increasing the balancing requirements of the system with respect to historical levels. The flexibility burden is currently carried by flexible fossil-fueled conventional generators (mainly gas), which are required to produce significantly less energy (as low operating cost and CO2-free renewable and nuclear generation are prioritized in the merit order) and operate part loaded with frequent startup and shut-down cycles, with devastating effects on their cost efficiency.
- Design and operation of energy systems with large amounts of variable generation: Final summary report, IEA Wind TCP Task 25Publication . Holttinen, Hannele; Kiviluoma, Juha; Helistö, Niina; Levy, Thomas; Menemenlis, Nickie; Jun, Liu; Cutululis, Nicolaos Antonio; Koivisto, Matti; Das, Kaushik; Orths, Antje; Eriksen, Peter Børre; Neau, Emmanuel; Bourmaud, Jean-Yves; Dobschinski, Jan; Pellinger, Christoph; von Roon, Serafin; Guminski, Andrej; Flynn, Damian; Carlini, Enrico Maria; Yasuda, Yoh; Tanabe, Ryuya; Watson, Simon; van der Meer, Arjen; Morales-España, Germán; Korpås, Magnus; Vrana, Til Kristian; Estanqueiro, Ana; Couto, António; Silva, Bernardo; Martínez, Sergio Martín; Söder, Lennart; Strbac, Goran; Pudjianto, Danny; Giannelos, Spyros; Frew, Bethany; Hodge, Bri-Mathias; Shah, Shahil; Smith, J. Charles; Lew, Debbie; O'Malley, Mark; Klonari, VasilikiABSTRACT: This report summarises findings on wind integration from the 17 countries or sponsors participating in the International Energy Agency Wind Technology Collaboration Programme (IEA Wind TCP) Task 25 from 2006–2020. Both real experience and studies are reported. Many wind integration studies incorporate solar energy, and most of the results discussed here are valid for other variable renewables in addition to wind. The national case studies address several impacts of wind power on electric power systems. In this report, they are grouped under long-term planning issues and short-term operational impacts. Long-term planning issues include grid planning and capacity adequacy. Short-term operational impacts include reliability, stability, reserves, and maximising the value of wind in operational timescales (balancing related issues). The first section presents the variability and uncertainty of power system-wide wind power, and the last section presents recent studies toward 100% shares of renewables. The appendix provides a summary of ongoing research in the national projects contributing to Task 25 for 2021–2024. The design and operation of power and energy systems is an evolving field. As ambitious targets toward net-zero carbon energy systems are announced globally, many scenarios are being made regarding how to reach these future decarbonized energy systems, most of them involving large amounts of variable renewables, mainly wind and solar energy. The secure operation of power systems is increasingly challenging, and the impacts of variable renewables, new electrification loads together with increased distribution system resources will lead to somewhat different challenges for different systems. Tools and methods to study future power and energy systems also need to evolve, and both short term operational aspects (such as power system stability) and long-term aspects (such as resource adequacy) will probably see new paradigms of operation and design. The experience of operating and planning systems with large amounts of variable generation is accumulating, and research to tackle the challenges of inverter-based, nonsynchronous generation is on the way. Energy transition and digitalization also bring new flexibility opportunities, both short and long term.
- Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power : Final report, Phase one 2006-08, IEA WIND Task 25Publication . Holttinen, Hannele; Meibom, Peter; Orths, Antje; Van Hulle, Frans; Lange, Bernhard; O'Malley, Mark; Smith, J. Charles; Estanqueiro, Ana; Ricardo, João; Ummels, Bart C.; Gomez, Emilio; Matos, M.; Soder, Lennart; Shakoor, Anser; Strbac, Goran; Tande, John O.; Pierik, Jan; Ela, Erik; Milligan, MichaelThere are already several power systems coping with large amounts of wind power. High penetration of wind power has impacts that have to be managed through proper plant interconnection, integration, transmission planning, and system and market operations. This report is a summary of case studies addressing concerns about the impact of wind power s variability and uncertainty on power system reliability and costs. The case studies summarized in this report are not easy to compare due to different methodology and data used, as well as different assumptions on the interconnection capacity available. Integration costs of wind power need to be compared to something, like the production costs or market value of wind power, or integration cost of other production forms. There is also benefit when adding wind power to power systems: it reduces the total operating costs and emissions as wind replaces fossil fuels. Several issues that impact on the amount of wind power that can be integrated have been identified. Large balancing areas and aggregation benefits of large areas help in reducing the variability and forecast errors of wind power as well as help in pooling more cost effective balancing resources. System operation and working electricity markets at less than day-ahead time scales help reduce forecast errors of wind power. Transmission is the key to aggregation benefits,electricity markets and larger balancing areas. From the investigated studies it follows that at wind penetrations of up to 20 % of gross demand (energy), system operating cost increases arising from wind variability and uncertainty amounted to about 1 4 /MWh. This is 10 % or less of the wholesale value of the wind energy.
- Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power, first results of IEA collaborationPublication . Holttinen, Hannele; Meibom, Peter; Orths, Antje; Hulle, Frans van; Ensslin, Cornel; Hofmann, Lutz; McCann, John; Pierik, Jan; Tande, John O.; Estanqueiro, Ana; Soder, Lennart; Strbac, Goran; Parsons, Brian; Smith, J. Charles; Lemstrom, BettinaAn international forum exchange of knowledge of power systems impacts of wind power has been formed under the IEA Implementing Agreement on Wind Energy. The task 'Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power Production' will analyse existing case studies from different power systems. There is a multitude of studies made and ongoing related to cost of wind integration. However, the results are not easy to compare. This paper summarises the results from 10 countries and outlines the sudies made at European Wind Energy Association and the European system operators UCTE and ETSO. A more in-depth review of the studies is needed to draw conclusions on the range of integration costs for wind power. State-of-the art review process will seek for reasons behind the wide range of results for costs of wind integration-definitions for wind penetration, reserves and costs; different power system and load characteristics and operational rules; underlying assumptions on variability of wind etc.
- Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power, IEA collaborationPublication . Holttinen, Hannele; Meibom, Peter; Ensslin, Cornel; Hofmann, Lutz; McCann, John; Pierik, Jan; Tande, John O.; Hagstrom, Espen; Estanqueiro, Ana; Amaris, Hortensia; Soder, Lennart; Strbac, Goran; Parsons, BrianNew R&D collaboration on 'Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power Production' has been formed in IEA Wind. The R&D task will collect and share information on the experience gained and the studies made on power system impacts of wind power, and review methodologies, tools and data used. This paper outlines the power system impacts of wind power, the national studies published and on-going and describes the goals of the international collaboration. There are dozens of studies made and ongoing related to cost of wind integration, however, the results are not easy to compare. An in-depth review of the studies is needed to draw conclusions on the range of integration costs for wind power. State-of-the art review process will seek for reasons behind the wide range of results for costs of wind integration-definitions for wind penetration, reserves and costs; different power system and load characteristics and operational rules; underlying assumptions on variability of wind etc.
- Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power: State of the art reportPublication . Holttinen, Hannele; Lemstrom, Bettina; Meibom, Peter; Bindner, Henrik; Orths, Antje; Van Hulle, Frans; Ensslin, Cornel; Tiedemann, Albrecht; Hofmann, Lutz; Winter, Wilhelm; Tuohy, Aidan; O'Malley, Mark; Smith, Paul; Pierik, Jan; Tande, John O.; Estanqueiro, Ana; Ricardo, João; Gomez, Emilio; Soder, Lennart; Strbac, Goran; Shakoor, Anser; Smith, J. Charles; Parsons, Brian; Milligan, Michael; Wan, Yih H.High penetration of wind power has impacts that have to be managed through proper plant interconnection, integration, transmission planning, and system and market operations. This report is a summary of case studies addressing concerns about the impact of wind powers variability and uncertainty on power system reliability and costs. The case studies summarized in this report are not easy to compare due to different methodology and data used, as well as different assumptions on the interconnection capacity available. Integration costs of wind power need to be compared to something, like the production costs or market value of wind power, or integration cost of other production forms. There is also benefit when adding wind power to power systems: it reduces the total operating costs and emissions as wind replaces fossil fuels. Several issues that impact on the amount of wind power that can be integrated have been identified. Large balancing areas and aggregation benefits of large areas help in reducing the variability and forecast errors of wind power as well as help in pooling more cost effective balancing resources. System operation and working electricity markets at less than day-ahead time scales help reduce forecast errors of wind power. Transmission is the key to aggregation benefits, electricity markets and larger balancing areas. From the investigated studies it follows that at wind penetrations of up to 20% of gross demand (energy), system operating cost increases arising from wind variability and uncertainty amounted to about 14 /MWh. This is 10% or less of the wholesale value of the wind energy. With current technology, wind power plants can be designed to meet industry expectations such as riding through voltage dips, supplying reactive power to the system, controlling terminal voltage, and participating in system operation with output and ramp rate control. The cost of grid reinforcements due to wind power is very dependent on where the wind power plants are located relative to load and grid infrastructure. The grid reinforcement costs from studies in this report vary from 50 /kW to 160 /kW. The costs are not continuous; there can be single very high cost reinforcements, and there can also be differences in how the costs are allocated to wind power. Wind generation will also provide some additional load carrying capability to meet forecasted increases in system demand. This contribution can be up to 40% of installed capacity if wind power production at times of high load is high, and down to 5% in higher penetrations and if local wind characteristics correlate negatively with the system load profile. Aggregating larger areas benefits the capacity credit of wind power. State-of-the-art best practices so far include (i) capturing the smoothed out variability of wind power production time series for the geographic diversity assumed and utilising wind forecasting best practice for the uncertainty of wind power production (ii) examining wind variation in combination with load variations, coupled with actual historic utility load and load forecasts (iii) capturing system characteristics and response through operational simulations and modelling and (iv) examining actual costs independent of tariff design structure.
- Market design for a reliable ~100% renewable electricity system: Deliverable D3.5Publication . Morales-España, Germán; Algarvio, Hugo; Vries, Laurens de; Faia, Ricardo; Hernandez-Serna, Ricardo; Johanndeiter, Silke; Couto, António; José, Débora Regina S.; Papadaskalopoulos, Dimitrios; Lopes, Fernando; Strbac, Goran; Sanchez, Ingrid; Kochems, Johannes; Helistö, Niina; Chrysanthopoulos, Nikolaos; Estanqueiro, AnaABSTRACT: The goal of this report is to identify in which respects the design and regulation of electricity markets needs to be improved in order facilitate a (nearly) completely decarbonized electricity system. It provides a basis for scoping the modeling analyses that are to be performed in subsequent work packages in the TradeRES project. These simulations will provide the basis for an update of this deliverable in the form of a more precise description of an all-renewable electricity market design. In this first iteration1 of deliverable 3.5, we analyze how the current design of electricity markets may fall short of future needs. Where there is a lack of certainty about the best market design choices, we identify alternative choices. Alternatives may concern a choice between policy intervention and no intervention or different intervention options. Section 2 outlines current European electricity market design and the key pieces of European legislation that underlie it. The European target model is zonal pricing with bidding zones that are defined as geographic areas within the internal market without structural congestion. That implies that within one bidding zone electricity can be traded without considering grid constraints and there are uniform wholesale prices in each zone. The main European markets are Nordpool, EPEX and MIBEL. Trading between zones in the European Price Coupling Region occurs through an implicit auction where price and quantity are computed for every hour of the next day, using EUPHEMIA, a hybrid algorithm for flowbased market coupling that is considered the best practice in Europe at this time.
- New actor types in electricity market simulation models: Deliverable D4.4Publication . Machado, Ana Rita; Couto, António; Schimeczek, Christoph; Qiu, Dawei; José, Débora Regina S.; Papadaskalopoulos, Dimitrios; Strbac, Goran; Algarvio, Hugo; Sanchez, Ingrid; Kochems, Johannes; Nienhaus, Kristina; Vries, Laurens de; Chrysanthopoulos, Nikolaos; Pinto, Tiago; Estanqueiro, Ana; Cvetkovic, MilosABSTRACT: The modelling of agents in the simulation models and tools is of primary importance if the quality and the validity of the simulation outcomes are at stake. This is the first version of the report that deals with the representation of electricity market actors’ in the agent based models (ABMs) used in TradeRES project. With the AMIRIS, the EMLab-Generation (EMLab), the MASCEM and the RESTrade models being in the centre of the analysis, the subject matter of this report has been the identification of the actors’ characteristics that are already covered by the initial (with respect to the project) version of the models and the presentation of the foreseen modelling enhancements. For serving these goals, agent attributes and representation methods, as found in the literature of agent-driven models, are considered initially. The detailed review of such aspects offers the necessary background and supports the formation of a context that facilitates the mapping of actors’ characteristics to agent modelling approaches. Emphasis is given in several approaches and technics found in the literature for the development of a broader environment, on which part of the later analysis is deployed. Although the ABMs that are used in the project constitute an important part of the literature, they have not been included in the review since they are the subject of another section.