EAC - Comunicações em actas de encontros científicos internacionais
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- Towards climate adaptation: a case study of a Coastal City in PortugalPublication . Aelenei, Laura Elena; Viana, Susana; Simões, Teresa; Amorim, Filipa; Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Justino, Paulo Alexandre; Dinis, J.; Fernandes, G.ABSTRACT: The importance of climate-neutral and smart cities was addressed by the European Commission (EU) through the financing program EU Missions, as a response to the urban and energy challenges to promote innovative solutions and strategies and to deliver tangible results by 2050. To manifest their Expressions of Interest to join the EU Cities Mission, several cities across Europe applied for funding to support their local action plans toward reaching climate neutrality by 2030/2050. One example is the research European project Re-Value focusing on waterfront cities and aiming to transform the waterfront cities zones from a risk to an opportunity, through a New European Bauhaus (NEB) inspired value and impact model that allows urban transformation strategies to value quality and other non-monetary benefits in addition to (only) pricing and GHG emission reductions. This paper presents the results of the preliminary analysis developed in one of the 9 cities of the project, Cascais, located on the Portuguese coast. The results will contribute to a detailed roadmap actions and update of the Cascais long-term Territorial Transformation Plans to accelerate its journey to climate neutrality by 2050. As one of Cascais ambitions and main point of the developing roadmap is the adoption of the decentralised renewable energy generation, a spatial analysis of the potential for wind energy and solar PV energy in rooftops along with the wave energy potential assessment along the coast was done. In addition, a Decision Support Tool (DST) using the most relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for energy transition was used, to support Cascais implementation of the measures that will have the highest impact in inhabitant’s lives. The tool enables to evaluate how KPI’s from different sectors will evolve considering three different socioeconomic development scenarios.
- Energia solar no ambiente urbano: caso de estudo, desafios, abordagens e investigaçãoPublication . Viana, Susana; Simões, Teresa; Aelenei, Laura Elena; Justino, Paulo AlexandreRESUMO: O Município de Cascais tem vindo a empenhar-se na mitigação das alterações climáticas, na proteção do ambiente e renaturalização de florestas e espaços verdes, no aumento da recolha seletiva e melhoria de processos de tratamento de resíduos, na melhoria da mobilidade, apostando na mobilidade suave combinada com zonas intermodais de ligação a transportes públicos, como os comboios e a rede gratuita de autocarros municipais (Mobi Cascais) para residentes, trabalhadores e estudantes. Como forma de diminuir a sua pegada de carbono, o município pretende ainda apostar na geração de energia a partir de fontes renováveis, nomeadamente na integração de energia solar fotovoltaica em edifícios públicos e em edifícios geridos pela autarquia. Para atingir estes objetivos Cascais tornou-se um caso de estudo em dois projetos europeus, Re-Value e WeGenerate.
- Sustainable public procurement: a contribution to achieving low carbon footprint buildingsPublication . Duarte, Ana Paula; Farto, Ana; Trindade, PaulaABSTRACT: LIFE ReNatural NZEB project and is part of action B3 of the project "Demonstration experiences of NZEB with low carbon footprint". The article intends to present the results obtained in the development of the model, for which two surveys were sent to several construction companies and material supplying companies. These surveys aimed at knowing the market's ability to comply with the sustainability criteria for low carbon footprint residential buildings. The model was defined based on the analysis of national and international good practices that were collected, the EU GPP criteria and the manual "Green Public Procurement Criteria under ENCPE 2020 for Design, Construction and Management of Office Buildings". The model is divided into five parts: selection of the design team and contractors; detailed design and performance requirements; dismantling, demolition, and site preparation works; construction of the building or major renovation works; and finalization and handover. Overall, it was found that companies in the construction sector can meet most of the selection criteria for the design team and contractors and for some of the technical specifications. It was also found that material suppliers can meet the various sustainability criteria for materials.
- Modelling and experimenting thermal energy storage through the use of PCM in low thermal inertia officePublication . Abreu, Duarte Drumond de; Neto, Rui C.; Aelenei, Laura Elena; Siva, CarlosABSTRACT: Within the scope of this thesis, thirty DuPont Energain thermal mass boards were tested inside a shipping container located in Oeiras, Portugal. These phase change material (PCM) boards have a 21.7 °C melting point and they were experimented during August (Summer) as internal mass due to a structure specifically designed for this project. Results showed that these latent heat storage systems induced an indoor peak temperatures shift of three hours and a slight indoor temperatures reduction. An EnergyPlus model was validated using measured data and several parametric studies were made using this model. In this case, it was found that the best solution for this low thermal inertia enclosure was incorporating forty eight panels with 10 mm of thickness and a melting point of 20 °C. Although these panels have a payback period of thirty two years, in the future it can fall into a more acceptable value of five years.
- Designing adaptive facades with a new holistic eco-design approachPublication . Vedula, Nitisha; Aelenei, Laura Elena; Pottgiesser, UtaABSTRACT: Implementing the Eco-designed approach in the field of adaptive façade systems, primarily aims for the future sustainable targets to develop eco-friendly and socio-responsive technologies. This will be only possible when the adaptive façade systems track design strategies endeavouring to imitate the philosophy of “the self-sufficient unit in the nature called eco-system.” With the understanding of the future sustainable targets of adaptive systems and analysing its sustainably efficient elements with the help of already existing and scattered classification schemes from the data base developed within the work of the Cost Action TU 1403 Adaptive Façade Network (AFN), this approach attempts to develop a novel matrix for re-analysing these adaptive façade projects with an eco-design approach. The aim of this approach is to examine whether these adaptive façade projects from the data base are able to seamlessly integrate themselves in this approach and to what extent. The eco-design approach on the basis of the contiguous natural environment (i.e. location and climate type), conceives the adaptive façade projects as a unit-cell in the eco-system, which should naturally attempt to be a self-sufficient unit. Understanding this approach, the various principles of the adaptive façade systems in the projects from the database are analysed. This leads to characterizing the approach in a matrix of the biotic components of eco-system (producers, consumers and decomposers) and abiotic components of ecosystem (air, soil, water, temperature, pressure, inorganic substances, etc.). These two components work collectively due to the naturally occurring energy transfer principles in amidst, known as conduction, indirect-solar, direct-solar and ventilation. The matrix also further characterizes the biotic components into active and passive systems, in order to avoid any error in analysing both, the direct and in-direct influences of the adaptive façade systems inside the project. The eco-design approach attempts to thoroughly analyse the extent of integration of this approach in the field of adaptive façade systems and to apprehend the further scope of research and development for the related industry.
- Passive adaptive façades : examples from COST TU1403 working group 1Publication . Mazzucchelli, Enrico Sergio; Aelenei, Laura Elena; Gomes, Maria da Glória; Karlessi, Theoni; Alston, Mark; Aelenei, DanielABSTRACT: Buildings often adopt strategies based on the integration of solutions and technologies in façades capable of changing their behaviour in time to improve energy efficiency and comfort. Considering that the envelope is the main parameter that influences the energy performance of buildings, façade elements with adaptive features can provide the buildings the necessary flexibility needed in terms of energy flow and thermal comfort in the context of nZEB, where the buildings must be interactive in the zero energy and smart city context. Several different types of adaptive façade concepts have already been developed, and an increase in emerging, innovative solutions is expected in the near future. However, when referring to adaptive technologies, two main categories can be distinguished. Adaptive technologies, which rely on passive design to improve building energy efficiency and comfort, and active technologies which include renewable harvesting. The aim of this paper is to provide several examples of passive adaptive technologies and their performance features from COST TU1403 Working Group 1 database.
- Pressure cooker under pressure: implementation of life cycle strategies and tools in a medium sized industry in PortugalPublication . Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Alexandre, Jorge; Camocho, David; Martins, PauloThis paper concerns the application of a set of life cycle oriented strategies and tools to a pressure cooker manufactured by a medium size company located in Portugal and targeting the international market. The life cycle assessment (LCA) indicated the major environmental problems of this product, which together with the company strategy of appealing the consumer through a 100% recyclable and more ergonomic product, provided the direction for the product and market development. Besides the LCA, an ecodesign project was carried out for a reference pressure cooker and through the use of several tools, including ecodesign checklists co-developed by LNEG in a previous project, a number of improvement options was generated, leading to the reduction and substitution of raw materials consumption, improved recyclability, better ergonomic features, more eco-friendly packaging and improved user interaction. A simplified environmental product declaration for the reference product was elaborated, in the framework of the EU Stepwise EPD project, and its marketing asset was evaluated through different communication methods, including phone meetings, website feedback, mailing lists and direct communication with customers in business fairs. This paper presents the results of this project and the characteristics of the improved product, and reflects upon the use of different life cycle-related strategies and tools in an integrated way; thus, this case study contributes to the understanding of the pros and cons of implementing life cycle strategies and tools in businesses.
- Life cycle in practice: capacity building aiming European SME’sPublication . Pasquet, V.; Roy, A.; Adibi, N.; Coppee, S.; Echard, P.; Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Martins, Paulo; Alexandre, Jorge; Atin, E.The application of life cycle approaches – including life cycle assessment, ecodesign and environmental labelling – is becoming an increasing reality for business, and a growing challenge in many economic sectors. Businesses are facing increasing legal and market requirements to enhance resource efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of their products & services. To significantly address this challenge, the Life Cycle in Practice (LCiP) project was conceived, aiming to promote the uptake of LC approaches particularly in SMEs. The LCiP project helps SMEs in France, Belgium, Portugal and Spain reduce the environmental impacts of their products and services across the entire Life Cycle in three sectors: Buildings & Construction, Waste Management and Energy Equipment. LCiP’s specific objectives are to foster the widespread uptake of these approaches by SMEs beyond the duration of the project, by (i) Demonstrating the environmental and business benefits of applying LC Approaches through practical application in 32 businesses; (ii) Providing physical and online resource centres to support regional application of LC approaches; (iii) Building capacity for on-going implementation of LC approaches through a network of Life Cycle Champions and (iv) (Re)designing practical tools & methods tailored to the needs of the three industrial sectors. This paper presents the project's activities and expected results, as well as the conclusions of a maturity assessment on life cycle approaches that has been performed in the three sectors and four partner regions, as a means to identify needs and gaps that LCiP should fulfil.
- The ISO 26000 standard as a driver for systemic design for sustainabilityPublication . Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Schmidt, KirstenSustainable product development is considered a key factor for sustainable development. Products are placed in the interface between production and consumption, therefore the consideration of sustainability criteria early in their development phase, to improve them throughout the life cycle, opens up for innovations that contribute to tackle major sustainability problems in the context of a globalized economy. Design for sustainability (DfS) is distinguished from ecodesign in terms of sustainability topics covered (not only environmental and economic, but also social) and in terms on the focus on finding new ways to satisfy customers and client needs and make business sense while respecting the physical limits of the planet in providing resources and absorbing pollution.
- Energy performance certificate: a valuable tool for building-to-grid interaction?Publication . Panão, Marta Oliveira; Goncalves, HelderNew challenges were opened with the recast of Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, requiring by 2020 that new buildings be “nearly Zero-Energy Buildings” (nearly ZEB). In addition to consumer buildings, Net ZEBs are also producers’ by using as much renewable energy sources as possible to compensate the building energy load. Sustainable cities require energy-efficient buildings, i.e. buildings where the use of energy is minimized without compromising the occupants comfort, namely for heating, cooling, lighting and indoor air quality. But smart cities require energy-efficient ‘interactive’ buildings, which integrate multiplecarrier energy networks and provide up-to-date valuable information for their management, where buildings are simplified to single nodes characterized by their energy load, generation, storage and conversion, applying the load-generation approach. The information currently available in the Energy Performance Certificate is not relevant for estimating the time dependent building energy load, but it can be easily improved by including a few descriptive parameters.