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- Towards climate adaptation: a case study of a Coastal City in PortugalPublication . Aelenei, Laura Elena; Viana, Susana; SimĂ”es, Teresa; Amorim, Filipa; Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Justino, Paulo Alexandre; Dinis, J.; Fernandes, G.ABSTRACT: The importance of climate-neutral and smart cities was addressed by the European Commission (EU) through the financing program EU Missions, as a response to the urban and energy challenges to promote innovative solutions and strategies and to deliver tangible results by 2050. To manifest their Expressions of Interest to join the EU Cities Mission, several cities across Europe applied for funding to support their local action plans toward reaching climate neutrality by 2030/2050. One example is the research European project Re-Value focusing on waterfront cities and aiming to transform the waterfront cities zones from a risk to an opportunity, through a New European Bauhaus (NEB) inspired value and impact model that allows urban transformation strategies to value quality and other non-monetary benefits in addition to (only) pricing and GHG emission reductions. This paper presents the results of the preliminary analysis developed in one of the 9 cities of the project, Cascais, located on the Portuguese coast. The results will contribute to a detailed roadmap actions and update of the Cascais long-term Territorial Transformation Plans to accelerate its journey to climate neutrality by 2050. As one of Cascais ambitions and main point of the developing roadmap is the adoption of the decentralised renewable energy generation, a spatial analysis of the potential for wind energy and solar PV energy in rooftops along with the wave energy potential assessment along the coast was done. In addition, a Decision Support Tool (DST) using the most relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for energy transition was used, to support Cascais implementation of the measures that will have the highest impact in inhabitantâs lives. The tool enables to evaluate how KPIâs from different sectors will evolve considering three different socioeconomic development scenarios.
- Assessing the industrial effects of the deployment of renewable energy technologies: when product identity mattersPublication . Barbosa, Juliana; Fontes, Margarida; Bento, NunoABSTRACT: Investment in renewable energy technologies (RET) produces impacts on economic activity and job creation that are fundamental to increase the social acceptability of those technologies. Previous research that attempted to measure the impacts of RET has mainly focused on its effects in energy production and climate mitigation, but surprisingly little is known about the potential of RET to transform the industrial structure of an economy. This paper proposes a methodology to understand and measure the industrial transformative impact of RET. The paper draws on contributions from the sustainability transitions literature and from the economic literature that analyses the socioeconomic impacts of RET, and combine them with the economic complexity literature in order to address two main gaps: the lack of measurement of industrial transformative effects in the first; and the assumption of product homogeneity in the second that precludes an assessment of more structural impacts. We develop a conceptual approach to the way technology deployment can lead to changes in the industrial structure, centered on the notion of product heterogeneity intrinsic to the economic complexity literature. We advance three main dimensions along which to measure the changes in the industrial structure driven by modifications in the basket of products being produced due to the development of the technology value chain: sophistication, connectivity, and competitiveness. We also propose a more precise delineation of the industrial value chain of the technology, by considering the actual weights of each sector to the technology and the technology to each sector. This approach is applied to the case of wind energy in Portugal (a successful fast follower), compared with three other main wind energy producers (Spain, Denmark, Germany). The results show a strong relationship between the deployment of the technology and the sophistication and the competitiveness of the Ăcloud of productsĂ composing the industrial value chain. The paper proposes a novel analytical framework and measurement tools that can support a timely assessment of the effects of sustainable energy technologies in the industrial structure, with relevance for policy.
- Identificação de ĂĄreas com menor sensibilidade ambiental e patrimonial para localização de unidades de produção de eletricidade renovĂĄvelPublication . Simoes, Sofia; Quental, LĂdia; SimĂ”es, Teresa; Catarino, Justina; Rodrigues, Carlos; Patinha, Pedro; Pinto, P.J.R.; Azevedo, Pedro; Picado, Ana; Cardoso, JoĂŁo P.; Barbosa, Juliana; Oliveira, PaulaRESUMO: Este documento descreve o trabalho desenvolvido pelo LNEG com vista Ă futura identificação de âGo-To Areasâ para a localização de unidades de produção de energia de fonte renovĂĄvel em Portugal Continental. O trabalho decorreu no Ăąmbito de um Grupo de Trabalho informal, coordenado pelo LNEG e envolvendo as seguintes entidades: a AgĂȘncia Portuguesa do Ambiente (APA), a Direção Geral de Energia e Geologia (DGEG), a Direção Geral do TerritĂłrio (DGT), o Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas (ICNF) e a Direção-Geral do PatrimĂłnio Cultural (DGPC). Neste Ăąmbito, pretendeu-se identificar no paĂs as ĂĄreas com menor sensibilidade (ambiental e patrimonial) que possam vir a ser elegĂveis para um processo de licenciamento mais simplificado para unidades de produção de energia de fonte renovĂĄvel solar e eĂłlica, permitindo deste modo acelerar a implementação sem comprometer outros valores ambientais e territoriais. As ĂĄreas resultantes serĂŁo ĂĄreas preferenciais do ponto de vista de simplificação do processo de licenciamento, mas nĂŁo sĂŁo exclusivas. Ou seja, as ĂĄreas aqui identificadas e as futuras âGo-To Areasâ que possam vir a surgir nĂŁo representam os Ășnicos locais do paĂs onde Ă© possĂvel implementar unidades renovĂĄveis. No resto do territĂłrio a implementação Ă© possĂvel, de acordo com o normal processo de licenciamento. Este trabalho nĂŁo delimita âGo-To Areasâ renovĂĄvel. Trata-se de um documento tĂ©cnico que apresenta ĂĄreas sem condicionantes de exclusĂŁo que podem vir a ser consideradas para a definição formal de âGo-To Areasâ. Deve notar-se que os resultados apresentados traduzem a situação Ă data de novembro / dezembro 2022, sendo que muita da informação utilizada tem um carĂĄter dinĂąmico pelo que este trabalho deverĂĄ ser atualizado periodicamente.Este documento Ă© complementado com vĂĄrios ficheiros eletrĂłnicos do Sistema de Informação GeogrĂĄfica (SIG) contendo os dados de suporte produzidos/compilados. Por fim e nĂŁo menos importante, este primeiro trabalho foca exclusivamente as ĂĄreas nĂŁo artificializadas. Embora seja fundamental para o paĂs a implementação de renovĂĄveis de forma distribuĂda em ambiente construĂdo/artificializado, a anĂĄlise desse universo necessita de mais tempo e recursos do que os disponĂveis neste Ăąmbito.
- Inter-sectoral relations to accelerate the formation of technological innovation systems. Determinants of actors entry into marine renewable energy technologiesPublication . Bento, Nuno; Fontes, Margarida; Barbosa, JulianaABSTRACT: Decarbonizing the energy system requires new technologies, whose formation and diffusion needs the attraction of actors from different sectors to compose the value chain. Sectoral interactions are crucial and dependent on contextual and technological factors, as well as firm-specific characteristics. This paper examines the determinants of firm diversification towards a new technology and their role in sectoral interactions. We combine concepts from technological innovation systems (TIS), sectoral innovation systems and organization studies to examine the drivers of actors' entry as well as their impact on systems' formation, through the effect on intersectoral relations associated with technological variety and relatedness. The development and demonstration of marine renewable energy technologies (MRET) in Portugal over the past two decades provides the empirical case. A database of 237 companies includes responses from a survey of a large part of the actors involved in MRET and potential entrants. A standard binary logit model estimates the effect of a set of drivers of firms' entry in MRET. Firms are more driven by variety-led factors and technology maturity, than by their technological capacity and sectoral proximity. We derive implications for policy and theory, namely for the conceptualization of inter-sectoral relations in TIS.