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- Map of Cobalt, graphite, lithium deposits (including deposits where cobalt is a significant by product : DELIVERABLE D5.4Publication . Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Pereira, Aurete; Sadeghi, MartiyaABSTRACT: The deliverable D5.4 “Map of Cobalt, graphite, lithium deposits (including deposits where cobalt is a significant by product”, is a technical report for a product where the actual deliverable is a web map and associated data. A description of the data collection, interpretation, description of the geology, metallogeny and resource potential is reported and described in the deliverable D5.3.
- Provide INSPIRE-compliant harmonised data on deposits and prospects of natural graphite, lithium and cobalt : DELIVERABLE D5.6Publication . Gautneb, Håvard; Törmänen, Tuomo; Gloaguen, Eric; Pereira, AureteABSTRACT: D.5.6 is the last deliverable of the work package 5 of the FRAME project. The two previous deliverables D5.4 and the D5.5 report the deliverable of the final work package data and products. All these three deliverables are related to products and data where the main results are presented on the web only. D5.6 with the title: Provide INSPIRE-compliant harmonised data on deposits and prospects of natural graphite, lithium and cobalt aims to deliver the data collected by the work package, to the GeoEra consortium and to upload the raw data, as comma separated file (CSV) format, to the European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI). The CSV file can then be integrated and downloaded to be used individually or with other data sets and web applications. Data is harmonised according to INSPIRE data specifications as far as it is possible. Since the main product of this deliverable is the release of the raw data and its availability on the net, this deliverable will be very concise.
- Mineral prospectivity mapping for critical raw materials at the European scale with the CBA method [Resumo]Publication . Bertrand, Guillaume; Sadeghi, Martiya; De Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Tourlière, B.; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Decree, Sophie; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, LídiaABSTRACT: This contribution presents pan-European prospectivity maps for lithium, cobalt, natural graphite, niobium, tantalum, phosphates and rare earth elements that were produced by the GeoERA FRAME project. These maps are based on the cell-based association (CBA) method, which was specifically developed for mineral prospectivity mapping at regional to continental scales. The purpose of this method is to address issues such as uncertainties in the location of cartographic objects and the need to consider geological contexts. Several options to calculate favourability scores were statistically tested and compared to improve the accuracy of the method and produce the final maps.
- Outlining the cobalt and phosphor exploration potential areas and mineralisation in Europe: a collaboration between FRAME and MINDeSEA projectsPublication . Sadeghi, Martiya; Bertrand, Guillaume; González, Francisco Javier; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, Lídia; Decree, Sophie; Törmänen, Tuomo; Gautneb, Håvard; Marino, Egidio; Somoza, Luis; Medialdea, Teresa; Blasco, Iker; Lobato, Ana BelénABSTRACT: One of the primary goals in FRAME project’s WP3 (Critical and Strategic Raw Materials Map of Europe), in collaboration with other work packages of FRAME and other GeoERA projects, is to produce and present the mineralisation and potential areas for CRM in Europe. Identifying new resources of supply critical mineral potential on land and in the European seabed for CRM needed for energy transition, is crucial for the European Union. In this regard, identifying and mapping of the major metallogenic areas for different type of mineralisation is essential. The global demand for CRM and strategic minerals containing cobalt, phosphorous, rare earth elements, tellurium, manganese, nickel, lithium and copper, concurrent with the rapidly diminishing quality and quantity of land-based mined deposits, has placed the seafloor as a promising new frontier for the exploration of mineral resources. To develop metallogenic research and models at regional and deposit scales, with special attention to strategic critical minerals, for which the EU’s downstream industry is highly dependent in the mid- and long-term perspectives, one must go from the known to the unknown, or at least, less known. Collating this information into favourable terrains is absolutely necessary to be able to understand mineralisation at the various scales. The latter was one of FRAME’s objectives as we will see developed below for phosphate and cobalt mineralisation.
- GeoERA Raw Materials Monograph : the past and the futurePublication . Wittenberg, Antje; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Flindt Jørgensen, Lisbeth; González, Javier; Heldal, Tom; Aasly, Kari Aslaksen; Deady, Eimear; Kumelj, Špela; Horvath, Zoltan; McGrath, Eoin; Ferreira, Maria João; Calabaça, Teresa; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; Sadeghi, Martiya; Bertrand, Guillaume; Gloaguen, Eric; Decree, Sophie; Gautneb, Håvard; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Sievers, Henrike; Quental, Lídia; Pereira, Aurete; Medialdea, Teresa; Schiellerup, Henrik; Zananiri, Irene; Ferreira, Pedro Tavares; Somoza, Luis; Monteys, Xavier; Alcorn, Trevor; Marino, Egidio; Lobato, Ana Belén; Kuhn, Thomas; Nyberg, Johan; Malyuk, Boris; Magalhães, Vítor Hugo; Lunar, Rosario; Hein, J. R.; Cherkashov, Georgy; Brown, Teresa; Cassard, Daniel; Urvois, Marc; Pedersen, Mikael; Schjøth, Frands; Tulstrup, Jørgen; Eilu, Pasi; Hokka, Janne; Simoni, Mark; Carvalho, Jorge; Laskaridis, Kostas; Dedić, Željko; Habimana, Cyprien; Liinamaa-Dehls, AnneABSTRACT: GeoERA Minerals projects have produced data aimed at supporting Europe’s minerals sector and to assist the European Commission to realise its goals for raw materials. Data has been compiled on mineral occurrences and mineral provinces across Europe, in particular, areas with potential to host Critical Raw Materials. Anecdotal evidence from the minerals sector provides an indication of the likelihood of exploration leading to mine development. For every 1,000 mineral showings examined, only 100 may receive further exploration work and of those 100, only 10 may warrant more detailed sampling either through trenching, drilling or other means and of those 10 only 1 may proceed to an evaluation through a full feasibility study which itself has only 50% chance of being positive. Following this, any project for which a mine proposal is made must undergo a full evaluation and permitting by authorities including full public consultation. The proposal may or may not pass this scrutiny. In terms of a schedule, the generally accepted minimum time frame from discovery to production is 10 years and usually much more, up to 20 years.
- Europe’s Raw Materials Supply Chain: Front-End ConsiderationsPublication . Wittenberg, Antje; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Bide, Tom; Hollis, Julie; Nirgi, Siim; Žibret, Gorazd; Gautneb, Håvard; Sadeghi, Martiya; Domínguez, Rafael Navarro; Malyuk, BorisABSTRACT: Supply chains are linked for specific purpose and by something. Hence, the respective links of the chain must be hooked in the right place, sufficiently strong, and have to start somewhere. This chapter looks at the raw materials supply chain as the first link in a commodity supply, from the European Union (EU) perspective. Aspects of the raw material potential of critical or strategic mineral resources in Europe, its further exploration, and the concept of modifying factors are considered, and reporting systems of resources and reserves are described, underpinned by examples of mineral potentials in different regions of the EU. Thus, targeted exploration of raw materials, especially within the framework of national geological research, serves to support a sustainable and resilience supply chain. EU projects, such as GeoERA and Geological Service for EU, assist in shaping the tailor-made exploration programs fit for providing mineral data publicly available through EuroGeoSurveys’ European Geological Data Infrastructure. In the future, raw materials may be seen as global public goods required to address many challenges, from the climate crisis to geopolitical instability; therefore, the society could conceptualize them in a new way, from a dominant investment returns-oriented viewpoint to one linked to delivering global objectives.
- Prospectivity maps of critical raw materials in Europe : DELIVERABLE D3.5Publication . Bertrand, Guillaume; Sadeghi, Martiya; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Decree, Sophie; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, LídiaABSTRACT: The present report describes the mineral prospectivity maps that were produced by the work package (WP) 3 of the FRAME project. These prospectivity maps assess the favourability in Europe, at continental scale, for lithium, cobalt, natural graphite, phosphate, niobium, tantalum and rare earth elements. They are based on datasets produced by the FRAME project (WP4 for phosphate, WP5 for lithium, cobalt and graphite, and WP6 for niobium and tantalum) and by the former EURARE project for rare earth elements.
- Relevant metallogenetic maps : DELIVERABLE D5.5Publication . Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Pereira, Aurete; Sadeghi, MartiyaABSTRACT: The deliverable D.5.5 “Relevant metallogenetic maps”, is a technical report for a product where the actual deliverable is a web map and accompanying data. A description of the data collection, interpretation description of the geology, metallogeny and resource potential is done in the deliverable D5.3 and references therein.