ER - Artigos em revistas internacionais
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- Sustainable Production Programme in Setúbal Region (PROSSET) : preliminary results1Publication . Duarte, Ana Paula; Peneda, Maria Constança; Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Saraiva, C.; Catarino, Justina; Frazão, Rui; Marçal, M.; Trindade, Paula; Ventura, Fernando; Clerigo, C.; Fernandes, Rui; Lança, Ana; Lopes, R.; Maia, Anabela; Wijn, R. deABSTRACT: In this paper the PROSSET Programme is described briefly and the preliminary results are presented. The Programme includes cleaner production (CP) demonstration projects developed in 10 companies located in the Setúbal Region and the testing of methodologies to promote the sustainability of the Programme. Both the involvement of local agents and the training and/or awareness of workers and locals were considered necessary. The INETI/ITA team developed an action plan aimed at the effective involvement of local actors in the PROSSET Programme in addition to the in-company activities.
- How to measure the value from a sustainable point of viewPublication . Alexandre, Jorge; Maia, Anabela; Camocho, David; Rodrigues, Fátima; Henriques, José João M. Silva; Catarino, JustinaEntrepreneurial activities must change when taking into account Sustainable Development paradigm. A new way of evaluating enterprises’ performance which incorporates economical, environmental and social criteria is necessary. Any organisation can no longer work as a “black box”. Society wants to know about the impacts of inputs and outputs of companies’ activities and therefore a continuous process of transparency, communication and continuous improvement is required. Therefore the Value of a company can no longer be seen only as the profi t for its shareholders, but must be extended in an objective way to the other elements of Sustainability: the social and environmental criteria. If Top Management and the VA team are sensitized for the Sustainability principles and for their contribution in creating Value, these aspects will be integrated in the company’s strategic management so that they will contribute for its viability in the long term. This paper aims at presenting a specifi c methodology to support the process of decision making at the level of the practices related to increasing Value towards a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Development. After a study of the possible synergies between tools used by Value Management (mainly Value Analysis) and Environmental Management (Cleaner Production, Eco effi ciency, among others) a methodology, joining them and profi ting from their synergies was developed and tested in several companies.
- Sustainable Production Programme in Setubal Region (PROSSET) : final resultsPublication . Duarte, Ana Paula; Ventura, Fernando; Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Catarino, Justina; Frazão, Rui; Maia, Anabela; Trindade, Paula; Lança, Ana; Peneda, Maria Constança; Fernandes, RuiABSTRACT: Between 1997 and 1999, a Sustainable Production Programme was developed in the Portuguese Setubal region. In this paper its final results are presented. The programme included cleaner production (CP) demonstration projects developed in 10 companies located in the region and the involvement of local stakeholders, aiming at stimulating the diffusion and application of sustainable development principles in the region. The CP projects allowed the team to generate environmental, economic and social benefits for the companies, and also to achieve improvements in the quality of the regional environment. The role of stakeholders is discussed, in terms of subsequent actions taken by them.
- Microbiological study of showerhead waters from 10 beaches of great Lisboa and West Regions of PortugalPublication . Costa, Maria do Céu; Oliveira, Eva; Pires, Catarina; Moleiro, Filipa; Capitia, Vanessa; Vida, ManuelaMany bacteria pathogenic to man can interfere in water distribution systems, forming aggregates that give rise to a complex structure called biofilm. In order to monitor the microbiological content of water from beach showers from ten sites along the coast from Lisboa-Carcavelos to Foz do Arelho beaches, 24 water samples were analyzed in 2013, 12 during January and February, and other 12 during June. The samples were collected in 500 mL sterile bottles with sodium thiosulfate. Biofilms were collected on swabs (at the same water sampling points) with transport medium Tween 20, and maintained between 2 ºC and 4 ° C, such as water samples. The following microbiological parameters were investigated for water samples: total microbial count at 22 ºC and 37 ºC, total coliforms and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fecal streptococci, total Staphylococcus and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus. The swabs lead to the isolation of the microorganisms grown on the nutrient agar medium, in order to determine the the same microbiological parameters investigated in water showers. Globally, the water quality was found to be suitable, but that does not rule out the need for constant monitoring of the beach showers. Taking into account that there have been reports of plankton invasions and allergic eruptions after bathing in some seaside spots near Lisboa, these study results prompt us to recommend that swimmers should always shower after bathing or diving since showerheads were found safe all over the coast.
- Life cycle assessment tool of electricity generation in PortugalPublication . Martins, António A.; Simaria, Marta; Barbosa, Joaquim; Barbosa, Ricardo; Silva, Daniela T.; Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Mata, Teresa M.; Caetano, Nídia S.ABSTRACT: This article presents and describes the LCA4Power tool, developed in this work to assess the potential environmental impacts, as, for example, the contribution to global warming, of electricity generation in continental Portugal, not considering the Madeira and Azores archipelagos. Based on a life cycle perspective, the tool considers the life cycles of various available technologies for producing electricity, on a cradle-to-gate perspective, excluding distribution and final use. It was implemented in MS Excel™ using emission factors obtained from the literature and other sources, instead of raw life cycle inventory data. The current version of the tool includes wind and hydroelectric power as renewable energy sources, and thermal and combined heat and power generation from fossil fuels as non-renewable energy sources. The combination of the aforementioned electricity generation technologies is responsible for more than 90% of the electricity generated in continental Portugal. Results were validated comparing the tool’s predictions with data from other LCA studies of electricity production, showing a good agreement, in particular for the greenhouse gas emissions. As added value, this tool provides a user-friendly way of simulating the potential environmental impacts of different endogenous energy mixes in Portugal, thus support decision making and communication. Future developments of the tool will include other technologies for electricity generation and its application to support decision making through the analysis of future scenarios for electricity generation in Portugal.
- SPP Toolbox : supporting sustainable public procurement in the context of socio-technical transitionsPublication . Trindade, Paula; Antunes, Paula; Partidário, Paulo JorgeABSTRACT: Public procurement can shape production and consumption trends and represents a stimulus for both innovation and diversification in products and services, through a direct increase in demand. In recent years, the interest in demand-side policies has grown and several approaches have emerged, such as Green Public Procurement (GPP), Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) and Public Procurement of Innovation (PPI), representing strategic goals to be achieved through public procurement. In this context, there is a need to guide and support public organizations in the uptake of GPP, SPP and PPI practices. To respond to the challenges raised by the operationalization of such strategies, this paper proposes a new tool—the SPP Toolbox—for guiding public organizations as they re-think the procurement process, raising their ambitions and broadening their vision, thus changing the organizational approach towards culture, strategies, structures and practices. This toolbox integrates insights from GPP, SPP and PPI objectives and practices, in the context of the emergence of socio-technical transitions. The toolbox coherently links GPP, SPP and PPI, allowing flexibility in terms of goals, yet promoting an increasing complexity of institutionalized practices and skills—from GPP to SPP and then from SPP to PPI, organized in a framework fully integrated into the organizational strategy.
- Design for sustainability models : a multiperspective reviewPublication . Sousa Rocha, Cristina; Antunes, Paula; Partidário, Paulo JorgeABSTRACT: Several authors have identified limitations in the uptake of design for sustainability (DfS) in companies and value chains. In spite of the extensive literature on the subject, researchers and practitioners still do not share a common overview on the subject, which hinders operationalization efforts. This paper proposes that DfS adoption is more likely to be successful if informed by corporate sustainability management and design management theories. Therefore, an analytical framework has been developed and applied to systematically analyse ten published design for sustainability models, which were identified through an extensive literature review. The analytical framework is composed of nine building blocks, or elements, organized in three levels: strategic, tactical and operational. To facilitate a more detailed and objective analysis of the selected models against each element, 22 questions have been established. The findings show that while some authors have focused on abstract models that support companies in establishing a vision and concepts for (more) sustainable products and services, others offer more instrumental approaches to guide the different phases of design. On the level of the building blocks, there is a considerable alignment of the models with the analytical framework; the detailed mechanisms and processes for implementation, however, vary a lot. Overall, difficulties related to developing a sustainability vision that guides the design for sustainability process, co-creating with stakeholders and harmonizing environmental, social and economic criteria were identified. The social dimension of design for sustainability is still poorly established and tackled in a multi-level, non-systemized way. The paper concludes with promising research directions focusing on design for sustainability.
- Circular and sustainable design : a systemic design model for the transition to a circular and sustainable economyPublication . Camocho, David; Vicente, José; Ferreira, Ana MargaridaABSTRACT: Successful and innovative design practices towards the development of more circular and sustainable products and services that are aligned with the current and future needs of our society rely on efficient practices that combine three main levels in the design and development process. The design management level which is responsible for establishing, planning and managing the development of design projects. The business level, which is focused on the feasibility and effectiveness of the project and its results in the short and long term. Lastly, the design level that is responsible for the implementation and development of circular design projects. This paper is part of a PhD research focused on supporting an innovative and efficient transition to a circular economy and sustainability through design. It describes the basis of a design model under development based on the design thinking process and an expert's survey carried at an international level and the research activities undertaken. It integrates the three levels in a systemic perspective, guiding the process and establishing the link between the needs of the design and development teams in terms of the definition of circularity and sustainability considerations and strategies, objectives and the activities, resources and practical tools needed to support the circular design projects.
- Seasonal Forecast Climate Data and Hydropower Production in the Douro Basin, in PortugalPublication . Diogo, Paulo; Beça, Pedro; Simoes, Sofia; Amorim, Filipa; Mujtaba, BabarABSTRACT: The project CLIM2POWER aims at developing a climate service including state-of-the art seasonal climate forecasts in the planning of the operation of the power systems. This work presents part of the project, addressing the forecasting of the hydropower generation in a case study area, the Portuguese part of the transboundary Douro River basin. Rainfall-runoff modelling was performed on a daily scale using three ensemble members of seasonal climate data (six months) for Portuguese territory crossed with three daily inflow scenarios from Spanish territory defined according to historical observed data. The obtained results reflect the fact that seasonal climate forecast present a wide variation of scenarios and also the fact that hydropower production in Portuguese territory is highly dependent on transboundary inflows. On the other hand, the implemented approach successfully produced consistent runoff and hydropower production results although improvements on the identification of the most probable scenarios are yet required.
- Addressing rising energy needs of megacities : case study of Greater CairoPublication . Alla, Sara Abd; Simoes, Sofia; Bianco, VincenzoABSTRACT: Urban energy system modelling allows megacities to assess their future development and to draw sustainable pathways to meet the rapidly increasing energy needs. This paper elaborates three different scenarios for energy transition in Greater Cairo with particular emphasis on the impact of lowering the share of inhabitants living in informal settlements. A city-specific TIMES energy system model is used to investigate how energy supply and demand will evolve between 2015 and 2050. Besides, the impacts in final energy consumption and CO2 emissions are investigated considering different socio-economic pathways. The scenarios show that the long-term cost-efficiency optimization leads to the decarbonization of the power sector even in the absence of climate constraints. Climate policies are modeled to achieve by 2050 a carbon emissions reduction of 50% below the 2015 baseline. The results indicate that the implementation of current urban plans will double the carbon emissions per capita if no mitigation policies are adopted. The urban expansion programs need to take into consideration the energy-environment economic nexus and to be coupled with climate mitigation policies to contain the rising carbon emissions.