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- Mineral prospectivity mapping for critical raw materials at the European scale with the CBA method [Resumo]Publication . Bertrand, Guillaume; Sadeghi, Martiya; De Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Tourlière, B.; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Decree, Sophie; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, LídiaABSTRACT: This contribution presents pan-European prospectivity maps for lithium, cobalt, natural graphite, niobium, tantalum, phosphates and rare earth elements that were produced by the GeoERA FRAME project. These maps are based on the cell-based association (CBA) method, which was specifically developed for mineral prospectivity mapping at regional to continental scales. The purpose of this method is to address issues such as uncertainties in the location of cartographic objects and the need to consider geological contexts. Several options to calculate favourability scores were statistically tested and compared to improve the accuracy of the method and produce the final maps.
- A Geological Service for Europe: building trust through interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaborationPublication . Hollis, Julie; Calcagno, Philippe; Bertrand, Guillaume; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Negrel, Philippe; Díaz-Martínez, Enrique; La Vigna, Francesco; Poyiadji, Eleftheria; Tonné, Nathalie; Van Heteren, Sytze; Dakin, Nicola; Hinsby, Klaus; Van Der Keur, Peter; Siddiqi, Gunter; Čápová, Dana; Pizzocolo, FrancescoABSTRACT: Geology encompasses all of the Earth sciences and thus is multidisciplinary. It does not respect geopolitical borders, so requires teamwork across disciplines and between nations. Applying geological solutions to climate change increasingly requires transdisciplinary teamwork. This extends well beyond the geosciences to inform on issues of universal concern, e.g., deployment of renewable energy, management of groundwater resources, mitigation of climate-induced geohazards, and more. To achieve sustainability and success in these fields, it is essential to employ knowledge of subsurface, land, and subsea geology for the discovery, tracking, preservation, regulation, and exploitation of resources. This knowledge also supports integrated and coherent surface and subsurface spatial planning and the creation of cohesive laws guided by scientific insights. This in turn requires multi-stakeholder collaboration between scientific and governmental agencies, industry, and civil society, from research design to data and knowledge application. Such a broad spectrum of engagement is at the heart of the concept of a Geological Service for Europe, founded on a long history of collaboration between the Geological Surveys of Europe –extending networks, fostering innovation, sharing knowledge, building capacity and common standards. Given the current lack of public knowledge and negative perceptions of geology, collaborative efforts based on objective science can have a significant impact on building trust. This contribution highlights the collaboration of the Geological Surveys of Europe with non-geoscientific partners in serving society, supporting nature, and delivering the Green Deal.
- Outlining the cobalt and phosphor exploration potential areas and mineralisation in Europe: a collaboration between FRAME and MINDeSEA projectsPublication . Sadeghi, Martiya; Bertrand, Guillaume; González, Francisco Javier; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, Lídia; Decree, Sophie; Törmänen, Tuomo; Gautneb, Håvard; Marino, Egidio; Somoza, Luis; Medialdea, Teresa; Blasco, Iker; Lobato, Ana BelénABSTRACT: One of the primary goals in FRAME project’s WP3 (Critical and Strategic Raw Materials Map of Europe), in collaboration with other work packages of FRAME and other GeoERA projects, is to produce and present the mineralisation and potential areas for CRM in Europe. Identifying new resources of supply critical mineral potential on land and in the European seabed for CRM needed for energy transition, is crucial for the European Union. In this regard, identifying and mapping of the major metallogenic areas for different type of mineralisation is essential. The global demand for CRM and strategic minerals containing cobalt, phosphorous, rare earth elements, tellurium, manganese, nickel, lithium and copper, concurrent with the rapidly diminishing quality and quantity of land-based mined deposits, has placed the seafloor as a promising new frontier for the exploration of mineral resources. To develop metallogenic research and models at regional and deposit scales, with special attention to strategic critical minerals, for which the EU’s downstream industry is highly dependent in the mid- and long-term perspectives, one must go from the known to the unknown, or at least, less known. Collating this information into favourable terrains is absolutely necessary to be able to understand mineralisation at the various scales. The latter was one of FRAME’s objectives as we will see developed below for phosphate and cobalt mineralisation.
- GeoERA Raw Materials Monograph : the past and the futurePublication . Wittenberg, Antje; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Flindt Jørgensen, Lisbeth; González, Javier; Heldal, Tom; Aasly, Kari Aslaksen; Deady, Eimear; Kumelj, Špela; Horvath, Zoltan; McGrath, Eoin; Ferreira, Maria João; Calabaça, Teresa; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; Sadeghi, Martiya; Bertrand, Guillaume; Gloaguen, Eric; Decree, Sophie; Gautneb, Håvard; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Sievers, Henrike; Quental, Lídia; Pereira, Aurete; Medialdea, Teresa; Schiellerup, Henrik; Zananiri, Irene; Ferreira, Pedro Tavares; Somoza, Luis; Monteys, Xavier; Alcorn, Trevor; Marino, Egidio; Lobato, Ana Belén; Kuhn, Thomas; Nyberg, Johan; Malyuk, Boris; Magalhães, Vítor Hugo; Lunar, Rosario; Hein, J. R.; Cherkashov, Georgy; Brown, Teresa; Cassard, Daniel; Urvois, Marc; Pedersen, Mikael; Schjøth, Frands; Tulstrup, Jørgen; Eilu, Pasi; Hokka, Janne; Simoni, Mark; Carvalho, Jorge; Laskaridis, Kostas; Dedić, Željko; Habimana, Cyprien; Liinamaa-Dehls, AnneABSTRACT: GeoERA Minerals projects have produced data aimed at supporting Europe’s minerals sector and to assist the European Commission to realise its goals for raw materials. Data has been compiled on mineral occurrences and mineral provinces across Europe, in particular, areas with potential to host Critical Raw Materials. Anecdotal evidence from the minerals sector provides an indication of the likelihood of exploration leading to mine development. For every 1,000 mineral showings examined, only 100 may receive further exploration work and of those 100, only 10 may warrant more detailed sampling either through trenching, drilling or other means and of those 10 only 1 may proceed to an evaluation through a full feasibility study which itself has only 50% chance of being positive. Following this, any project for which a mine proposal is made must undergo a full evaluation and permitting by authorities including full public consultation. The proposal may or may not pass this scrutiny. In terms of a schedule, the generally accepted minimum time frame from discovery to production is 10 years and usually much more, up to 20 years.
- Providing CRM data and intelligence to EURMKB (RM1) and the GeoERA information platform : Deliverable D3.4Publication . Sadeghi, Martiya; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, Lídia; Bertrand, Guillaume; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa SoaresABSTRACT: The overall aim of FRAME project into the European Union Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB) is to provide data on CRM by extending the spatial coverage and higher accurate data from past and ongoing European projects on raw materials. The prime aim of work package (WP)3 in the FRAME project is to produce a map of strategic and critical raw materials (SCRM) for Europe. In cooperation with other FRAME WPs, there was a consensus on the methodology used for the identification and selection process of the SCRM to be included in that map (Arvanitidis, et al., 2019; Sadeghi et al., 2020a; Sadeghi et al, 2020b) linked mainly to information collected from existing databases, such as the ones of ProMine, Minerals4EU (M4EU), EURARE and European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI). WP3 also has a special focus to present the metallogenetic maps and updating databases on rare earth elements, graphite, cobalt, lithium, phosphor, niobium and tantalum in collaboration with the other work project packages (WP4, WP5 and WP6) and the Mineral Resource Expert Group (MREG) of EuroGeoSurveys. The digital version on metallogenetic areas have been prepared and delivered to EGDI (Sadeghi et al, 2020b). The occurrences dataset is harvested through national databases on structured data to be accessed in EDGI. A semi and non-structured datasets were also prepared and deliver to EGDI (EGDI, 2021a, 2021b). An overview on how this was done is given in Chapter 3 of this report – Data preparation and Delivery to EGDI.
- Prospectivity maps of critical raw materials in Europe : DELIVERABLE D3.5Publication . Bertrand, Guillaume; Sadeghi, Martiya; Arvanitidis, Nikolaos; de Oliveira, Daniel Pipa Soares; Gautneb, Håvard; Gloaguen, Eric; Törmänen, Tuomo; Reginiussen, Helge; Decree, Sophie; Pereira, Aurete; Quental, LídiaABSTRACT: The present report describes the mineral prospectivity maps that were produced by the work package (WP) 3 of the FRAME project. These prospectivity maps assess the favourability in Europe, at continental scale, for lithium, cobalt, natural graphite, phosphate, niobium, tantalum and rare earth elements. They are based on datasets produced by the FRAME project (WP4 for phosphate, WP5 for lithium, cobalt and graphite, and WP6 for niobium and tantalum) and by the former EURARE project for rare earth elements.