Loading...
18 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 18
- Resultados e conclusões do GTAER : Grupo de Trabalho para a definição das Áreas de Aceleração de Energias RenováveisPublication . Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Oliveira, Paula; Quental, Lídia; Simões, Teresa; Catarino, Justina; Rodrigues, Carlos; Costa, Paula; Patinha, Pedro; Picado, AnaRESUMO: Este documento apresenta os resultados e conclusões do GTAER (Grupo de Trabalho para a definição das áreas de Aceleração de Energias Renováveis) criado pelo Despacho n.º 11912/2023. Uma parte importante do documento foca o objetivo de consolidar e robustecer o trabalho realizado na identificação das áreas com menor sensibilidade para a localização de unidades de produção de eletricidade renovável. Este trabalho desenvolve-se na sequência do trabalho anteriormente realizado pelo grupo de trabalho informal em atividade entre setembro de 2022 e janeiro de 2023 e que foi alvo de atualização pelo LNEG em junho de 2023. São também apresentados elementos no que respeita a: • potencial de implementação de unidades de geração em superfícies artificializadas; • proposta das áreas de aceleração de energias renováveis; • proposta de regras adequadas à implementação dos projetos de energias renováveis nestas áreas e as medidas de mitigação aplicáveis; • proposta de método de disponibilização pública das áreas de aceleração de energias renováveis a designar, bem como a metodologia para a sua revisão e a periodicidade associada.
- Estimativa de potenciais técnicos de energia renovável em Portugal: eólico, solar fotovoltaico, solar concentrado, biomassa e oceanosPublication . Simoes, Sofia; Simões, Teresa; Barbosa, Juliana; Rodrigues, Carlos; Azevedo, Pedro; Cardoso, João P.; Facão, Jorge; Costa, Paula Silva; Justino, Paulo Alexandre; Gírio, Francisco; Reis, Alberto; Passarinho, Paula; Duarte, Luís C.; Moura, Patrícia; Abreu, Mariana; Estanqueiro, Ana; Couto, António; Oliveira, Paula; Quental, Lídia; Patinha, Pedro; Catarino, Justina; Picado, AnaExecutive Summary: There is a clear need to accelerate the energy transition, including the implementation of renewable electricity production plants, as well as the increase in consumption of other renewable energy carriers in buildings, industry, transport and other sectors. This work provides key information to make this transition possible, that is, the technical renewable energy potentials for Portugal. The aim is thus to contribute to policy support, as well as to decision-making by various Portuguese stakeholders (public and private) in the domains of energy, energy transition and greenhouse gases emissions mitigation. The work presents the technical renewable energy potentials for Portugal to: (i) decentralized solar photovoltaic (PV) plants in artificialized (or built-up) areas; (ii) centralized solar PV plants in non-artificialized (or natural) areas; (iii) concentrated solar power; (iv) onshore wind; (v) offshore wind (floating and fixed); (vi) bioenergy, and (vii) solar thermal. The wave energy primary energy resource potential is also presented (not the technical potential). The technical potential values of renewable energy sources (RES) presented are dynamic values, given the substantial uncertainty associated with their estimation. The study identifies technical RES potentials i.e., the technically viable energy generation achievable from a specific technology, considering the primary energy resource available and the geographic, environmental and land use limitations. RES economic potentials represent the fraction of RES technical potential that is economically viable, but they are not presented in this work. Likewise, this report does not address market potential, that translate the capacity and energy generation that the market effectively manages to implement. The presented RES technical potentials include the total capacity currently installed in the country. The technical potentials are estimated mostly for mainland Portugal, in most cases with a spatial disaggregation of at least NUT2 and sometimes for NUT5 and/or type of building. Despite adopting an approach based on a territorial analysis in which some areas of the country are excluded, this potential does not correspond to the work done in mapping less-sensitive areas towards future definition of RES “Go-To Areas”. The decentralized solar PV potential in artificialized areas is divided into 6 area types: industrial areas; commercial buildings; residential and mixed-use buildings; villas; health, education, cultural, tourist and military buildings, and other land uses (including parking lots and patios, ports, waste and wastewater treatment infrastructure, sports facilities, among others). It is estimated a technical potential of 23.33 GW that could generate up to 36.84 TWh/year. This potential is distributed throughout the entire territory of mainland Portugal but is higher in the North and Center regions. The RES technical potential for centralized solar PV was estimated as a range of values that translate the uncertainty associated with using different levels of concern in excluding certain areas in which solar PV can be deployed (for example to safeguard ecosystems, water resources, agriculture or archaeological heritage). The centralized solar PV potential varies between 168.82 GW and 45.63 GW. The maximum threshold of installed capacity could generate 278.11 TWh/year of electricity. The value is high and reflects on the one hand, the excellence of the solar resource throughout the country, and on the other, the large size of the considered areas. The CSP potential is 62.6 GW with a corresponding electrical production potential of 183.61 TWh/year. It is mainly located in the Alentejo region, although other areas have also been identified in other regions of the country. The wind onshore technical potential is 15.7 GW, that could generate 37.13 TWh/year, taking into account the safeguarding of various areas for the protection of ecosystems and also social acceptability issues. In the case of offshore wind and considering a capacity density of 4 MW/km2 for floating offshore and 5.5 MW/km2 for fixed offshore, a total of 36 GW and 2 GW are obtained, respectively. This capacity could generate up to 126.14 TWh/year (floating offshore) or 6.31 TWh/year (fixed offshore). The solar thermal energy potential focused residential and service buildings (such as nursing homes, barracks, etc., tourism, hospitals, indoor swimming pools and other sports facilities). The potential is of 0.95 GWt and 0.95 TWh/year for service buildings, 7.26 GWt and 5.84 TWh/year for residential buildings. For industry there is a potential of 1.06 GWt, which could generate up to 1.15 TWh/year for applications up to 160 ºC. The total technical potential of solar thermal is 9.25 GWt and 7.93 TWh/year of thermal energy generated, with a substantial weight of residential buildings in the total value. Potential values are disaggregated by NUTS III and type of building. In terms of biomass and bioenergy potential, annual values of forest biomass, agricultural biomass, agro-industrial waste, urban waste and wastewater treatment are estimated, totaling around 58 TWh/year. Regarding the production of biofuels (HVO and FAME) it is estimated that the annual production of domestic used oils and other similar residues is 1.4 TWh/year. The use of oils from food crops such as soybean, sunflower and rapeseed is limited by European (and national) policy guidelines and is 2.1 TWh/year. Regarding wave energy, the resource potential is estimated between 1.4 GW for 80 m bathymetry and 4.8 for 20 m bathymetry. There are substantial uncertainties associated with the presented values, inherent to the methodological approach considered. Nevertheless, these estimates are a valuable starting point to be refined and improved in subsequent updates.
- Towards climate adaptation: a case study of a Coastal City in PortugalPublication . Aelenei, Laura Elena; Viana, Susana; Simões, Teresa; Amorim, Filipa; Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Justino, Paulo Alexandre; Dinis, J.; Fernandes, G.ABSTRACT: The importance of climate-neutral and smart cities was addressed by the European Commission (EU) through the financing program EU Missions, as a response to the urban and energy challenges to promote innovative solutions and strategies and to deliver tangible results by 2050. To manifest their Expressions of Interest to join the EU Cities Mission, several cities across Europe applied for funding to support their local action plans toward reaching climate neutrality by 2030/2050. One example is the research European project Re-Value focusing on waterfront cities and aiming to transform the waterfront cities zones from a risk to an opportunity, through a New European Bauhaus (NEB) inspired value and impact model that allows urban transformation strategies to value quality and other non-monetary benefits in addition to (only) pricing and GHG emission reductions. This paper presents the results of the preliminary analysis developed in one of the 9 cities of the project, Cascais, located on the Portuguese coast. The results will contribute to a detailed roadmap actions and update of the Cascais long-term Territorial Transformation Plans to accelerate its journey to climate neutrality by 2050. As one of Cascais ambitions and main point of the developing roadmap is the adoption of the decentralised renewable energy generation, a spatial analysis of the potential for wind energy and solar PV energy in rooftops along with the wave energy potential assessment along the coast was done. In addition, a Decision Support Tool (DST) using the most relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for energy transition was used, to support Cascais implementation of the measures that will have the highest impact in inhabitant’s lives. The tool enables to evaluate how KPI’s from different sectors will evolve considering three different socioeconomic development scenarios.
- How far can circular economy practices contribute to a carbon-neutral Europe? The case of flat glass production in the construction sector [Resumo]Publication . Barbosa, Juliana; Simoes, Sofia; Aloini, Davide; Zerbino, Pierluigi; Mabroum, Safaa; Montalbano, Giammarco; Lima, Ana TeresaABSTRACT: The construction sector heavily relies on non-renewable resources for energy and materials. Addressing this, Circular Economy (CE) is frequently suggested as a means to foster sustainable growth while reducing global emissions. Yet, the actual impact of CE in the long term is still uncertain due to limited empirical evidence and various factors that may hinder its widespread adoption. Indeed, the transition to CE might necessitate a substantial transformation in production capabilities, supply chain modifications, the phasing out of existing capital, and investment in new technologies and facilities.
- European policies on Circular Economy and Climate Mitigation: synergies or antagonisms?Publication . Trindade, Paula; Barbosa, Juliana; Amorim, Filipa; Simoes, Sofia; Lima, Ana TeresaABSTRACT: The main objective of this paper is to review policy goals, measures and instruments across the following policy areas: climate, energy; environment (including CE) and industry. This review's objective is twofold: (1) to assess and characterise synergies and antagonisms among policy domains regarding CE and climate mitigation, and (2) to identify innovative and effective policy approaches for integrating CE into climate action. The analysis will focus on the EU+ policy level, with some incursions at Member State level (+UK) for the cases where best practices in integrating CE policies are identified. The policies assessment will feed into the climate mitigation scenarios for circular construction.
- Challenges and opportunities of decarbonization for the economic recovery post-pandemic: The question of directionality in innovation policiesPublication . Bento, Nuno; Fontes, Margarida; Barbosa, Juliana; Mamede, Ricardo PaesABSTRACT: Countries face a double challenge of unprecedented scale consisting in drastically reducing carbon emissions in the time of a generation, while recovering the economy from the worst pandemic crisis in a century. Innovation is key in the response to this double challenge. Innovation policies are increasingly directed at achieving both goals, as governments seek opportunities for transforming the economic structure along with decarbonization. We raise the question of the effect of the direction in the success of the policies for the sustainability transition to achieve the economic transformation. We start by analyzing the processes of change in the economic structure. We identify three possible strategies of transformation: decarbonization, dematerialization and digitalization. Then we compare the evolution of the economic complexity of Portugal, which aspires to transform its economy, with that of three countries that are respectively reference in each one of the three strategies: Denmark, The Netherlands, and Ireland. Successful strategies evidence specialization in products that involve extensive and sophisticated knowledge, produced with high connectivity to other activities and with low carbon footprint. Based on these results and informed by the theory, we propose a set of conditions—related to the promotion of connectivity to growing sectors, high social return technologies and variety—that need to be aligned in the direction of the policies in order to increase their potential for transformative change.
- Footprint analysis of circular economy practices in the steel industry [Resumo]Publication . Sameer, Husam; Knoblauch, Lukas; Dürr, Hans H.; Flörke, Martina; Ambaye, Teklit G.; Lima, Ana Teresa; Mao, Ruichang; Lu, Zheng; Kunther, Wolfgang; Slabik, Simon; Hafner, Annette; Aloini, Davide; Zerbino, Pierluigi; Mabroum, Safaa; Ram, V.; Barbosa, Juliana; Simoes, Sofia; Genovese, AndreaABSTRACT: Steel is one of the dominant materials in the building industry, however, substantial environmental impacts occur in its supply chain. We evaluate the environmental performance of different steel production scenarios at the macro level, taking into account circular economy practices. Using the dynamic life cycle assessment methodology, different scenarios are assessed for the time horizon 2015 to 2070. The environmental footprints are quantified in terms of primary energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, material, land and water footprints. Forecasts regarding the availability of end-of-life steel and future demand in European and global contexts are considered.
- Assessing the industrial effects of the deployment of renewable energy technologies: when product identity mattersPublication . Barbosa, Juliana; Fontes, Margarida; Bento, NunoABSTRACT: Investment in renewable energy technologies (RET) produces impacts on economic activity and job creation that are fundamental to increase the social acceptability of those technologies. Previous research that attempted to measure the impacts of RET has mainly focused on its effects in energy production and climate mitigation, but surprisingly little is known about the potential of RET to transform the industrial structure of an economy. This paper proposes a methodology to understand and measure the industrial transformative impact of RET. The paper draws on contributions from the sustainability transitions literature and from the economic literature that analyses the socioeconomic impacts of RET, and combine them with the economic complexity literature in order to address two main gaps: the lack of measurement of industrial transformative effects in the first; and the assumption of product homogeneity in the second that precludes an assessment of more structural impacts. We develop a conceptual approach to the way technology deployment can lead to changes in the industrial structure, centered on the notion of product heterogeneity intrinsic to the economic complexity literature. We advance three main dimensions along which to measure the changes in the industrial structure driven by modifications in the basket of products being produced due to the development of the technology value chain: sophistication, connectivity, and competitiveness. We also propose a more precise delineation of the industrial value chain of the technology, by considering the actual weights of each sector to the technology and the technology to each sector. This approach is applied to the case of wind energy in Portugal (a successful fast follower), compared with three other main wind energy producers (Spain, Denmark, Germany). The results show a strong relationship between the deployment of the technology and the sophistication and the competitiveness of the Æcloud of productsÆ composing the industrial value chain. The paper proposes a novel analytical framework and measurement tools that can support a timely assessment of the effects of sustainable energy technologies in the industrial structure, with relevance for policy.
- CO2NSTRUCT: Modelling the role of circular economy construction value chains for a carbon-neutral Europe: JRC-EU-TIMES Model usage [Comunicação oral]Publication . Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Lima, Ana Teresa; Jerónimo, B.
- New Greenhouse Gas simulation and mapping tools to support local carbon neutrality agendas: application to the city of AlmadaPublication . Amorim, Filipa; Simoes, Sofia; Barbosa, Juliana; Oliveira, Paula; Trindade, Paula; Aelenei, Laura Elena; Catarino, Justina; Viana, Susana; Figueiredo, LeonorABSTRACT: The aim of this work is to develop three innovative decision support tools: (1) a scenario tool that enables users to interactively design scenarios of activity variables that support decarbonisation trajectories on a local scale; (2) a mitigation tool that translates scenarios into greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, taking into account the identification and prioritisation of the most innovative, cost-effective mitigation options (technological and behavioural) for Portuguese municipalities; and (3) a mapping tool to identify GHG emissions ‘hot spots’ on a local scale. In the first phase, these tools are applied and tested for the case study of the city of Almada in support of the ‘Agenda for a Carbon Neutral Almada by 2050’. These tools will also contribute to the training and involvement of local stakeholders, to improve the design of local GHG emissions mitigation strategies and roadmap. In the second phase, these tools will be further developed so they can be used in other Portuguese municipalities.